Objectives:To assess primary care physicians’ (PCPs) knowledge and attitudes toward sleep disorders.Methods:In this cross-sectional quantitative study, we surveyed 88 primary care centers under the Ministry of Health during 2015 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, using a combination of pre-designed validated questionnaires. Knowledge was assessed using the Assessment of Sleep Knowledge in Medical Education (ASKME) questionnaire, and attitude was assessed using a pre-designed survey. For numerical variables, t-test was used, and for categorical variables, Chi-square test was used.Results:Data from 223 PCPs (males 50.2%) were analyzed. Among the participants, 44 (19.9%) did not know that sleep medicine is a distinct medical specialty, and 24 (10.9%) felt that sleep disorders are uncommon medical problems based on their daily practice. Only 87 (39%) of physicians stated that they referred patients with sleep disorders to specialized medical centers for further management. The mean score of the ASKME questionnaire was 14.4 ± 4 out of 30 (48%). The majority of physicians (78.5%) obtained a score between 11 and 20. Score results were not related to gender or years of practice.Conclusion:Primary care physicians’ have a low level of awareness and poor knowledge of sleep medicine and sleep disorders.

PCPs did not adequately assess their patients' driving history and eligibility. Efforts are needed to improve awareness among PCPs regarding the effects of chronic medical conditions on driving.

Purpose To determine relationship between timing of treatment initiation and disease outcomes and whether a therapeutic window of opportunity exists in initial‐onset acute uveitis associated with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease. Methods Retrospective analysis of 112 patients (224 eyes). Main outcome measures were final visual acuity, progression to chronic recurrent evolution, development of complications, particularly ‘sunset glow fundus’, and drug‐free remission cure of uveitis. Results Forty‐six patients (92 eyes) presented in the phase preceding anterior segment (AS) inflammation (early presentation) and 66 patients (132 eyes) had AS inflammation at presentation (late presentation). In significantly more eyes in the early presentation group (85.9%), final visual acuity of 20/20 was achieved compared with those in the late presentation group (66.7%) (p = 0.001). None of the eyes in the early presentation group progressed to chronic recurrent evolution and none developed ‘sunset glow fundus’, whereas in the late presentation group, 28.8% of the eyes progressed to chronic recurrent evolution (p < 0.001) and 56.1% developed ‘sunset glow fundus’ (p < 0.001). Patients in the early presentation group were able to discontinue treatment without relapse of inflammation at significantly shorter time intervals compared to patients in the delayed presentation group (p < 0.001). In the late presentation group, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that presenting clinical features predicting unfavourable outcomes were posterior synechiae (odds ratio = 4.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–12.23), bullous exudative retinal detachment extending to the periphery (odds ratio = 3.35; 95% CI = 1.53–7.32) and female gender (odds ratio = 2.05; CI = 1.08–3.90). Conclusions Our findings suggest that the window of opportunity lies in the phase preceding AS inflammation and initiation of effective treatment during this phase results in cure of uveitis and prevents blinding complications.