Cancer has been widely investigated yet limited in its manifestation. Cancer treatment holds innovative and futuristic strategies considering high disease heterogeneity. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most explored pillars; however optimal therapeutic window and patient compliance recruit constraints. Recently evolved immunotherapy demonstrates a vital role of the host immune system to prevent metastasis recurrence, still undesirable clinical response and autoimmune adverse effects remain unresolved. Overcoming these challenges, tunable biomaterials could effectively control the co-delivery of anticancer drugs and immunomodulators. Current status demands a potentially new approach for minimally invasive, synergistic, and combinatorial nano-biomaterial assisted targeted immune-based treatment including therapeutics, diagnosis and imaging. This review discusses the latest findings of engineering biomaterial with immunomodulating properties and implementing novel developments in designing versatile nanosystems for cancer theranostics. We explore the functionalization of nanoparticle for delivering antitumor therapeutic and diagnostic agents promoting immune response. Through understanding the efficacy of delivery system, we have enlightened the applicability of nanomaterials as immunomodulatory nanomedicine further advancing to preclinical and clinical trials. Future and present ongoing improvements in engineering biomaterial could result in generating better insight to deal with cancer through easily accessible immunological interventions.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, which results in the loss of motor activity. In the management of PD, the primary aim is to increase the dopamine content in the brain either by delivering the precursors of dopamine or by inhibiting the molecules responsible for dopamine degradation. Due to the low bioavailability, a higher dosage of drugs needs to be administered repeatedly for achieving the desired therapeutic effect. This repeated high dose not only increases the severe side effects but also produces tolerance in the body. Often, direct administration of drugs fails to ameliorate the symptoms as the unmodified drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).Nanotherapeutic is at the forefront of the alternative treatment against the central nervous system (CNS) disorders due to the ability to circumvents the BBB. Here, all the available treatments for PD have been discussed with their limitation. The current trends of nanotherapeutics for PD have been explored. Suitability and formulation prospects for nasal delivery have been analyzed in detail to explore new research scope. The most effective approach is the nose-to-brain delivery for targeting drugs directly to the brain. This delivery bypasses the BBB and concentrates more drugs at the target site.Thus, developments of nose-to-brain delivery of nanoformulations explicit the new scope to manage PD better.

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The report deals with understanding the problems that have arisen in the Pharmaceuticalindustry and the classes of drugs which are suffering the brunt of Chinese influx in the Indianmarket. Since our thrust area itself has to deal with the problems being faced by thepharmaceutical industry and the lack of self- reliance when it comes to APIs, we first decidedto go with official government data of the APIs being imported from China and workcommenced from there. Based on government data, market share, consumption, pricing ofdrugs and import reports, we selected two drugs, one being an anti-bacterial drug whichrequires fermentation namely, cephalosporins and the other being a well-known anti-diabeticdrug, Metformin. Currently, we are looking at the various technologies being used in producingthe two drugs which were shortlisted and, we’ll be further finding out the loopholes in thesystem and fixing it or suggesting novel techniques to make the Indian Pharmaceutical industrya powerhouse. Both cephalosporins and metformin have been majorly imported from Chinadue to several loopholes in producing them here in India and to add to it, the strategic pricingemployed by the Chinese manufacturers gives them an edge over indigenous products. Themanufacturing processes and regulations for both cephalosporins and metformin, need toundergo an overhaul in order to compete with giants like China and thus displace them fromtheir position of number 1 in this field. Finding loopholes in the technology and regulatoryfactors, suggesting novel technologies or improvements within current processes andperforming a detailed cost analysis.