No abstract

Fabrication is essentially the manipulation of raw materials into a desired product based on a workable approach. In this project, fabrication is fundamentally the process by which coal bottom ash (BA) are compatible with resin to form and improve construction materials which satisfy the assigned requirements and applications. BA have a porous and granular structure which limits its application and commercialization. Many investigations have been carried out towards the effective utilization of other reinforcement material or fillers such as fly ash for both concrete composite and polymeric composites. From this research project, resin was used as binder materials to BA which have porous and granular structure that limits its application. Despite of that, the resin can be transformed and tailored to fit specific needs. The findings show resin was greatly cooperated more than 40% of BA in the mixture which directly improve the mechanical performances on drop impact test. A part from that, environmental issues should be considered in utilizing BA. Since the BA is classified under scheduled waste (SW 104) which contains heavy metals, CBA blended with resin were readily in encapsulation form to mitigate the leaching of metals towards surrounding. Leachate study was conducted to all sample compositions and there is no leaching of metals detected from the sample due to increase in chemical stability. The concentration of toxic metals that leached were below than threshold value set by Department of Environment, Malaysia (DoE).

Microspheres of Al have been successfully fabricated utilizing electromigration using sudden change in geometrical shape of a specimen. The experimental sample was a passivated Al line with a hole at the transitional area of the sample. The hole was used to control the accumulation and discharge process. The formation of the microsphere is enhanced by controlling temperature and current density. The atomic flux was increased with the increasing current density that was happened along the electron flow direction in the small region at the geometrical shape of the sample.

Abstract:

Safety-related buildings and structures for nuclear plants require the design and analysis of tornado and hurricane generated missile impact load. Several Canadian provinces, including Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta are tornado prone. In Canada during the years 1980 to 2009, a total of 1,217 tornados were observed, including one F5 scale, five F4 scale, 24 F3 scale and 119 F2 scale tornadoes. These tornadoes pose critical risks to nuclear infrastructure due to the potential for missile generated impact loads from debris present in the tornado that can impact the nuclear structures. During the years, 1918 to 2014, seven F4 scale, 18 F3 scale and 126 F2 scale tornadoes were observed in Ontario. Meanwhile, several hurricanes hit the Eastern region provinces of Canada in recent history, including Hurricane Juan in September 2003 in Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, and four hurricanes in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in 1963. In this work, an ANSYS based advanced computational simulation model framework was developed to investigate the effect of the tornado and hurricane generated missile impact load on nuclear structures. The explicit dynamics module in the ANSYS software was used for simulations and the preliminary results are presented. A database of materials and potential missile impact loads were identified for future investigations. For example, concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, and reinforced concrete walls with steel liner are relevant for further study. The 0.158 meter diameter and 4.58 meter long steel pipe missiles in 103 m/sec, 89 m/sec and 72 m/sec maximum wind speeds were also identified for further investigation. Lab based impact loading tests on scaled down samples were also studied.