Borneo is known as the third largest island in the world, which has enormous biodiversity. For generations, the locals used to utilize surrounding plants to treat diseases and maintain their health. Hemorrhoid is one of the diseases which is often treated using medicinal plants. An ethnopharmacological study (RISTOJA) was conducted to find potential plants to be developed in Borneo island by interviewing selected local traditional healers. Identification of medicinal plants was performed, followed by descriptive and literature studies. The most important medicinal plants were defined using the calculation of frequency of citation (FC), use value (UV), and choice value (CV). In order to establish scientific evidence, a literature review was conducted focused on the benefit and toxicity using electronic search engines Pubmed, DOAJ, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The evidence was collected from empirical use to in-vitro, animal, or clinical studies. There were 49 species under 31 families used in herbal formula for hemorrhoids. Based on FC, UV, CV, and literature review, Curcuma longa L., Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff., Melastoma malabathricum L., and Cocos nucifera were confirmed to have enough scientific evidence regarding its safety and efficacy. Accordingly, those plants have the potential to be further developed.

Abstract Physical fitness is a person’s ability to complete daily tasks without experiencing significant fatigue. Components of physical fitness consist of body composition, muscle flexibility, muscle strength, and cardiovascular fitness. Pre-clinical trials of herbal formula temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), tumeric (Curcuma longa L.), and meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) can improve the fitness of test animals. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of temulawak, kunyit, and meniran herbal formulas for physical fitness. The research method in the form of quasi experimental pre and post with a placebo comparison involving 201 subjects divided into 2 groups. A total of 100 subjects in group I were given herbal medicine while group II as many as 101 subjects were given placebo for 6 weeks. The evaluation is based on the parameters of liver function, kidney, blood profile, and fitness component. The results showed that there were no significant changes (p≥0.05) in liver function, kidney function, blood profile, body composition, muscle flexibility, and muscle strength. Cardiovascular fitness in group I increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to group II. Temulawak, kunyit, and meniran formulas are safe for liver, kidney, blood profiles and can help improve physical fitness, especially cardiovascular fitness. Abstrak Kebugaran jasmani merupakan kemampuan seseorang menyelesaikan tugas sehari-hari tanpa mengalami kelelahan yang berarti. Komponen kebugaran jasmani terdiri dari komposisi tubuh, kelenturan otot, kekuatan otot, dan kebugaran kardiovaskular. Uji praklinis formula jamu temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), kunyit (Curcuma longa L.), dan meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) dapat meningkatkan kebugaran hewan uji. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai keamanan dan khasiat formula jamu temulawak, kunyit, dan meniran terhadap kebugaran jasmani. Metode penelitian berupa quasi experimental pre and post dengan pembanding plasebo yang melibatkan 201 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Sebanyak 100 subjek kelompok I diberikan jamu sedangkan kelompok II sebanyak 101 subjek diberikan plasebo selama enam minggu. Evaluasi didasarkan atas parameter fungsi hati, ginjal, profil darah, dan komponen kebugaran. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi perubahan bermakna (p≥0,05) pada fungsi hati, fungsi ginjal, profil darah, komposisi tubuh, kelenturan otot, dan kekuatan otot. Kebugaran kardiovaskular pada kelompok I mengalami peningkatan bermakna (p<0,05) dibanding kelompok II. Formula jamu temulawak, kunyit, dan meniran aman terhadap profil darah, hati dan ginjal serta dapat membantu meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani yaitu kebugaran kardiovaskular.

Latar belakang: Pengobatan hiperkolesterolemia sering berlangsung seumur hidup sehingga menyebabkanpenderita meninggalkan obat kimia dan memilih obat herbal. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinik yang bertujuanuntuk mengetahui khasiat dari formula jamu antikolesterol yang terdiri dari daun jati belanda, daun jati cina,daun tempuyung, daun teh hijau, rimpang temulawak, rimpang kunyit dan herba meniran dalam menurunkankadar kolesterol darah sebagai bagian dari program Saintifikasi Jamu. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimental dengan desain pre dan post. Jumlah subjek50 pasien dengan hiperkolesterolemia ringan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penelitian dilakukan di RumahRiset Jamu (RRJ) Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu pada bulan September sampai Desember 2014. Uji statistikyang digunakan adalah uji t berpasangan dengan bantuan program SPSS 16. Hasil: Formula jamu antihiperkolesterol yang diminum setiap hari selama 28 hari mampu menurunkan rataratakadar kolesterol plasma subjek dari 212.42 mg / dl menjadi 196.6 mg / dl. Uji t test berpasangan didapatkanhasil p<0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan rerata kadar kolesterol sebelum dan sesudah pemberian jamu.Kesimpulan: Formula jamu antihiperkolesterol mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol plasma pasiendengan hiperkolesterolemia ringan pada pemberian selama 28 hari. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia2018;9(2):87-92) Kata kunci: hiperkosterolemia, jamu, saintifikasi jamu Abstract Background: Treatment of hypercholesterolemia often lasts a lifetime, therefore patients leavechemical drugs and choose herbal medicines. The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate the efficacy ofantihiperkolesterol jamu formula consists of Guazuma ulmifolia leaves, Cassia senna leaves, Sonchusarvensis leaves, Camellia sinensis leaves, Curcuma xanthorrhiza rhizomes, Curcuma longa rhizomes andPhyllanthus niruri herbs to lowering cholesterol plasma level as part of Saintifikasi Jamu program. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental with pre and post test design. The total subjects were 50patients with mild hypercholesterolemia who met the inclusion criteria. The research took place at RRJ‘Hortus Medicus’ Tawangmangu between September to December 2014. The data were analyzed using apaired t-test with SPSS 16 software. Results: Results showed jamu anticholesterol formula which is taken every day for 28 days lowered themean of cholesterol plasma level of 212.42 mg / dl to 196.6 mg / dl. Paired t test at 95% confidence levelacquired p value <0.05, showed that there is significant differences in the mean cholesterol level subjectsbefore and after the study. Conclusion: The administration of jamu antihypercholesterol formula for 28 days could reduce plasmacholesterol level in subjects with mild hypercholesterolemia. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia2018;9(2):87-92) Keywords: hypercholesterolemia, Jamu, Saintifikasi Jamu

Indonesians have had a close relationship with traditional herbal medicine for ages to maintain their health. As a common disease in the community, low back pain (LBP) is always considered for traditional healers in their practice. However, there are still insufficient data regarding the use of medicinal plants for LBP treatment. An ethnopharmacological study was conducted in Sumatra, Indonesia, to gain information on the empirical use of medicinal plants for LBP therapy among traditional healers. The information on the use of medicinal plants was gathered using semistructured questionnaires and interviews with traditional healers. The collected data were analyzed using several parameters such as family use value (FUV), use value (UV), and plant part used. A total of 90 traditional healers in Sumatra cited 68 plant species in 32 families that are used in their herbal formula for LBP treatment. They prefer to use leaves, roots, and barks than other parts of a plant. The calculation result of UV reveals that Kaempferia galanga is the most common plant used for LBP (0.04). Zingiberaceae was categorized as having the highest FUV. Datura metel was a toxic plant. The phytochemical and pharmacological screening of the indicated therapeutic plants should be investigated.

Indonesia is one of the wealthiest countries in biological resources that have potential as medicinal plants. Medicinal plants can be an alternative in treating diseases such as urinary tract problems by the people of eastern Indonesia. The study aims to evaluate the use of medicinal plants for various urinary tract problems in east Indonesia, including their efficacy and safety based on the literature review. This research was conducted by interview method and field survey. The data were collected from traditional health practitioners in eastern Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Frequency of Citation (FC) and the Use value (UV). The results showed a total of 222 plants species belonging to 78 families were identified for treating urinary tract problems in east Indonesia. The most prevalent of these was the Euphorbiaceae family. The species which had the highest value were Orthosiphon aristatus (FC 12.52%, UV 0.31), Sericocalyx crispus (FC 7.80%; UV 0.19), Phyllanthus niruri (FC 6.35%; UV 0.16) were the vast majority commonly used plant species in the treatment of urinary tract problems. The most common parts used were leaves (44.87%) and herbs (10.66%). The ethnomedicinal flora in east Indonesia is quite diverse for treating urinary tract problems.