Abstract:The study was conducted aiming at the isolation and identification of pathogens from poultry feed manufactured by four different brands namely A (broiler starter), B (broiler finisher), C (layer starter) and D (layer finisher) sold in retail stores of Rangpur city of Bangladesh. All these samples were collected from four randomly chosen outlets and analyzed by culturing in different culture media such as Nutrient broth (NB), Nutrient agar (NA), Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar, Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar, MacConkey agar, Triple sugar iron (TSI) agar slant, Motility, Indole, Urease (MIU) and Saboraud Dextrose agar (SDA) media. The bacterial agents were isolated and examined under light microscope for their gross morphological and conventional biochemical characteristics. The bacteriological analyses were done at the Microbiology

This study was selected to find out the bacterial pathogens in egg yolk, egg shell, feed and air samples of poultry houses at Dinajpur district in Bangladesh with isolation, identification and characterization of bacterial pathogens present in those samples. For this study, a total of 147 samples comprising egg shell (36), egg yolk (36), feed (45) and air (30) were collected during the period from January to May, 2012 and the collected samples were then examined for the bacteriological study by using cultural, morphological and biochemical techniques. On the basis of their cultural, morphological and biochemical properties the isolated organisms were identified as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella serovars and Bacillus spp. In this study it was observed that out of 147 samples a total of 51 were identified as bacterial pathogens in which egg shell containing 10 (27.78%), egg yolk 11 (30.56%), feed 20 (44.44%) and air 10 (33.33%) respectively. In this study it was also observed that the highest prevalence of bacterial pathogens in feed samples (44.44%) in comparison with egg shell (27.78%), egg yolk (30.56%) and air samples (33.33%). In this study it was demonstrated that out of four (04) pathogens Escherichia coli was more abundant (39.21%) in the layer house and its environment in comparison with Staphylococcus spp. (25.49%), Salmonella (23.52%) and Bacillus spp. (11.76%) respectively.

Enterovirulent Escherichia coli remain as an important etiological agent of goat diarrhoea inBangladesh. The present study was designed with a view to isolate and identifies E. coli from field cases. For this purpose, a total of 135 faecal samples (85 from diarrhoeic and 50 from apparently healthy goat) were collected during the period from January 2012 to July 2012 from different areas in Rangpur District. It was found that the prevalence of E. coli was higher (18.82 %) in diarrhoeic goats while it was lower (14.00 %) in non diarrhoeic goats. Age wise distribution of E. coli isolates were 26.42% in day old to 1 year, 10.53% in 1-2 years and 11.36% in above 2 years age of goat respectively. All the isolates of E. coli revealed greenish black colony with metallic sheen in Eosine methylene blue agar, bright pink color smooth transparent colony in MacConkey agar and slight pinkish smooth colony in Salmonella-Shigella agar. Gram stain and hanging drop techniques were performed with the cultured bacteria. Biochemical properties of the isolates were studied, and antibiotic sensitivity test was done by agar disk diffusion method. In Gram stain, the organisms revealed Gram negative, small rod shaped, occurs singly or paired. Biochemically, all of the isolates showed fermentation of dextrose, sucrose and maltose with the production of acid and gas, negative result to Voges-Proskauer test, positive result to Methylred test and differential result to Indol test. All the isolates of E. coli were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin while moderately sensitive to colistin, livofloxacin and azithromycin and less sensitive to ceftraexon and tetracyclin and resistant to amoxycillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and neomycin. Therefore, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin may be the antibiotics of first choice, and colistin, livofloxacin and azithromycin may be the second choice among the test antibiotics for the treatment of illness caused by these bacteria.

Abstract:The study was conducted to monitor the microbial assessment in oropharyngeal swab, cloacal swab and faecal samples of ostrich and also update knowledge on antimicrobial sensitivity of isolated organisms. The study was performed at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University (HSTU) ostrich farm from January to June, 2016. A total 75 samples were randomly collected from 8 ostriches at different age of which 25 oropharyngeal, 25 cloacal swabs sample and 25 were faeces samples. The organisms were isolated by using standard microbiological method. The result revealed that the average microbial load in plate count agar was highest in faeces (1.48×10 9 ±0.27 CFU) than oropharyngeal swab (1.36×10 9 ±0.38 CFU) and cloacal swab (1.28×10 9 ±0.34 CFU). Among 75 samples, 29 (38.66%) Escherichia coli, 21 (28%) Salmonella spp., 20 (26.67%) Staphylococcus spp. and 5(6.6%) Bacillus spp. were identified. In 25 oropharyngeal swab samples, Staphylococcus spp. was found highest 15 (60%) than other organisms but Escherichia coli were found highest both in cloacal 11(44%) and faecal 12(48%) samples. On antibiogram study Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were more sensitive to Levofloxacin, Azithromycin, Nalidixic Acid and Amoxicillin respectively. While more resistant to Azithromycin, Penicillin, Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin respectively. The obtained results indicated that ostrich excreta are one of the most important sources of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Bacillus spp. in ostrich farms. Finally, it may be concluding that the logical use of antibiotics must be adopted in ostrich farms reared in Bangladesh for prevention of the appearance of multidrug resistance bacteria. Moreover, proper measures should be taken to aware off zoonotic diseases in peoples who are involved in ostrich farming.