The Jammu Region (JR) in the northwestern Himalayas trigged by medium to high magnitude near-field as well as far-field earthquake events, including the most recent 2019 Mirpur earthquake. In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop the zonation map for liquefaction hazard in the JR based on liquefaction potential index ( ) and probability of liquefaction ( ). To achieve this, factor of safety against liquefaction was estimated using standard penetration test (SPT) data collected from geotechnical consultancies and shear wave velocity measured during field testing at 243 locations, and an integrated liquefaction hazard map generated. The liquefaction features such as sand blows and ground rupture were found in Jatah (Samba district) and Simbal (Jammu district). According to the integrated hazard map, places near the bank of Tawi River and Ravi River in Jammu have young alluvium, making them particularly prone to liquefaction. Liquefaction does not occur in the eastern and western sections because of high shear wave velocities and rock at shallow depth, and it also does not occur in the central area due to thick sand deposits. values ranged from 0 to 27.45 having very low to very high liquefaction risk. is greater than 0.75 for sites located on the southwestern side due to uniformly graded soil having extremely low SPT ( N ) and values. This study will aid site planners in the construction of structures that consider liquefaction mitigation and well-defined liquefaction risk measures.

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In this study, an attempt is made to generate hazard maps for the Jammu Region (JR) in Jammu and Kashmir in terms of surface peak ground acceleration ( ), liquefaction zonation, and vulnerability index ( ). To do this, the seismic response of 200 sites was examined, and amplification factors at 0.01 s, 0.2 s, 1 s, and 10 s were estimated based on site-specific The calculated factor of safety from field approaches was normalised to produce an integrated liquefaction zonation map. Field data from geophysical testing was also used to generate a vulnerability distribution for the study area. According to the findings, the southern portion of the JR has young sediments and alluvium deposits, resulting in low shear wave velocity ( ) and very strong amplification. As a result, these sites are kept in high to very high vulnerable zones with values of more than 35. This study provides a database for designers working on the construction, development, and expansion-related projects in J&K for developing any prospective earthquake-induced liquefaction mitigation strategies.