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Pyonephrosis is a suppurative infection of the kidney caused by ureteral obstruction. It can lead to kidney failure, septic shock, and death. Thus, it requires prompt assessment and appropriate management. We report a case of a 63-year-old male with giant pyonephrosis contained 10 liters of pus and spontaneously ruptured in the adjacent muscles. This clinical case illustrates the value of computed tomography scan in the diagnosis and management of an uncommon upper urinary tract infection and its complications.

Nous rapportons un cas de hernie de Spiegel compliquée d'occlusion chez une femme de 86 ans dont le diagnostic a été posé à la tomodensitométrie Elle avait consulté aux urgences chirurgicales pour des douleurs de la fosse iliaque droite d'apparitions brutales associées à des vomissements. L'examen physique a retrouvé une patiente fébrile (38,2°), une masse localisée à la fosse iliaque droite ferme, sensible et mobile par rapport aux deux plans. La tomodensitométrie abdominale avait objectivé au niveau de la fosse iliaque droite, en avant de l'aponévrose du muscle oblique externe, un sac herniaire avec un collet mesuré à 13 mm. Il contenait de la graisse et une anse grêle en arceau présentant deux zones de transition donnant un aspect de double bec au niveau du collet. La paroi de l'anse incarcérée ne se rehaussait pas après injection de produit de contraste. Le diagnostic de hernie de spiegel étranglée avec signe d'ischémie artérielle de la paroi digestive a été retenu. Le traitement a été chirurgical avec des suites opératoires simples.

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Introduction: Gallstone disease is a disorder characterised by the formation of stones in the biliary tract. It is the most common biliary condition accounting for more than 98% of all gallbladder and biliary tract disorders. In Africa, previous studies have shown a relative rarity of this condition with a prevalence less than 5%; since it is between 2 and 5 times higher in other continents. A good knowledge of the profile of patient with gallstone disease in a surgical setting could allow to reduce gallstone disease complications and to tailor better the treatment. To our knowledge, there was no previous study about gallstone disease in this region even if there is a high prevalence of metabolic factors of gallstone disease.Methods: This study objective is to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic profile of patients with gallstone disease at the Department of General Surgery of Saint-Louis Hospital (Senegal). It will be a single-centre retrospective cohort study in a period of 5 years (January 2015 -December 2020). The patients' record of the department of general surgery will be consulted and the patient contacted if there are missing data. Patients with gallstone disease diagnosed with imaging (ultrasonography and/or CT scan) regardless the presentation (asymptomatic, biliary colic, cholecystitis, common bile duct lithiasis, angio-cholitis, pancreatitis) will be included. Adults and paediatric patients will be enrolled. Patient records lacking sufficient data will be excluded. Studied parameters will be epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspects.Ethics and dissemination: Anonymity and confidentiality of information collected in patients will be respected. This research protocol will be submitted to the Ethics Committee of our institution for approval. The knowledge of the profile of patients with gallstone disease in a surgical setting could allow to reduce gallstone disease complications and to tailor better the treatment. Finally, it will help to reduce the burden of gallstone disease.