i. Objective: Single-case research designs are a useful methodology to investigate the effects of treatments within counseling. A core component of the design is the presentation of data collected repeatedly on a time-series graph. Research in the fields of special education and behavior analysis suggests most graphs do not adhere to reporting guidelines and specific graphical characteristics can impact decisions made by visual analysts. ii. Method: In this pre-registered (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FU7GV) project we conducted a systematic review of 42 journals in the field of counseling. A total of 50 single-case studies, including 272 graphs were included in our analysis. iii. Results: Most of the graphs did not meet recommended guidelines for graph construction. iv. Conclusions: We provide a discussion on how graph construction may impact visual analysis and suggestions for graph construction to enhance interpretability.
Financial education is vital to improving financial literacy for students with extensive support needs (ESN) to be successful in real-world scenarios and improve financial behaviors. Financial literacy skills should be taught and explored within the mathematics curriculum (Newman et al., 2009) in inclusive settings by both general and special educators with sensitivity to the needs of the students and families. This article introduces a series of steps that allow educators to integrate financial literacy skills in both inclusive school and community-based settings to support students and their families in the process. These steps include (a) assessing financial literacy skills, (b) gathering financial literacy resources, (c) integrating financial literacy activities in inclusive settings, and (d) monitoring and reflecting on financial literacy progress, of all stakeholders including educators, students, and their families. The article also includes financial literacy resources, a sample lesson plan, recommended financial literacy and transition-based learning goals, and guiding questions for families to support financial literacy for students with ESN.
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