Background: At present, there is no accurate biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Since the efficacy of ICIs is associated with a variety of indicators, establishing a model to predict its efficacy is more clinically significant and in line with clinical needs. Methods: We collected and retrospectively analyzed the relationship between immunotherapy efficacy and clinicopathologic features in lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with ICIs. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors associated with PFS. Besides, a clinical prediction model was established based on the results of the multivariate Cox regression analyses to predict PFS.Results: A total of 201 lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with ICIs were assessed. Univariate analysis showed that male gender [hazard ratio (HR) =0.

Background Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a rare form of lung cancer, since genetic alternations participate in the carcinogenesis in lung cancer, whether critical driver genes such as ROS1 fusion, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutation play roles in LELC remains unclear. Methods We collected a total of 30 LELC samples for genetic and prognosis analysis retrospectively in Shanghai Chest Hospital, EGFR gene mutation, ALK rearrangement and ROS1 fusion status were extracted from digital database. Clinicopathological characteristics with genetic profiling and survival were analyzed. Results All samples appeared negative for genes ( EGFR, ALK and ROS1 ) alternations detection. Female gender acted as an independently prognostic factor in poorer disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.034), and tumors locate in the left lobe associate with worse DFS in univariate analysis (significant trend, P=0.051), moreover, serum positive NSE level also indicate a shorter DFS after adjustment (significant trend, P=0.057). Most of LELC are diagnosed at early stage, with 90.0% (27/30) patients obtained the opportunities for surgery. Conclusions Since no classical genetic alternations appeared in present study, more investigations of other genes distributions should be explored in the future for better understanding of this rare subtype of lung cancer. Serum positive neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level seemed to be a prognostic biomarker for DFS in LELC patients.