The fourth generation of the Sloan

The relation between the ratio of infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) flux densities (the infrared excess: IRX) and the slope of the UV spectrum (β) of galaxies plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of the dust attenuation of star forming galaxies especially at high redshifts. Many authors, however, pointed out that there is a significant dispersion and/or deviation from the originally proposed IRXβ relation depending on sample selection. We reexamined the IRX-β relation by measuring the farand near-UV flux densities of the original sample galaxies with GALEX and AKARI imaging data, and constructed a revised formula. We found that the newly obtained IRX values were lower than the original relation because of the significant underestimation of the UV flux densities of the galaxies, caused by the small aperture of IUE, Further, since the original relation was based on IRAS data which covered a wavelength range of λ = 42-122 µm, using the data from AKARI which has wider wavelength coverage toward longer wavelengths, we obtained an appropriate IRX-β relation with total dust emission (TIR): log (L TIR /L FUV ) = log 10 0.4(3.06+1.58β) − 1 + 0.22. This new relation is consistent with most of the preceding results for samples selected at optical and UV, though there is a significant scatter around it. We also found that even the quiescent class of IR galaxies follows this new relation, though luminous and ultraluminous IR galaxies distribute completely differently as well known before.

Context. The nearby universe remains the best laboratory to understand the physical properties of galaxies and is a reference for any comparison with high redshift observations. The all sky (or very large) surveys that have been performed from the ultraviolet (UV) to the far-infrared (far-IR) provide us with large datasets of very large wavelength coverage to perform a reference study. Aims. We investigate the dust attenuation characteristics, as well as the star formation rate (SFR) calibrations of a sample of nearby galaxies observed over 13 bands from 0.15 to 160 μm. Methods. A sample of 363 galaxies is built from the AKARI /FIS all sky survey cross-correlated with the SDSS and GALEX surveys. Broad-band spectral energy distributions are fitted with the CIGALE code optimized to analyse variations in the dust attenuation curves and SFR measurements and based on an energetic budget between the stellar and dust emission. Results. Our galaxy sample is primarily selected in far-IR and mostly constituted of massive, actively star-forming galaxies. There is some evidence for a dust attenuation law that is slightly steeper than that used for starburst galaxies but we are unable to constrain the presence or not of a bump at 220 nm. We confirm that a time-dependent dust attenuation is necessary to perform the best fits. Various calibrations of the dust attenuation in the UV as a function of UV-optical colours are discussed. A calibration of the current SFR combining UV and total IR emissions is proposed with an accurate estimate of dust heating by old stars. For the whole sample, 17% of the total dust luminosity is unrelated to the recent star formation.

Aims. We explore spectral energy distributions (SEDs), star formation (SF), and dust extinction properties of galaxies in the Local Universe.Methods. The AKARI all-sky survey provided the first bright point source catalog detected at 90 μm. Beginning with this catalog, we selected galaxies by matching the AKARI sources with those in the IRAS point source catalog redshift survey. We measured the total GALEX FUV and NUV flux densities with a photometry software we specifically developed for this purpose. In a further step we matched this sample with the Sloan digital sky survey (SDSS) and 2 micron all sky survey (2MASS) galaxies. With this procedure we obtained a basic sample which consists of 776 galaxies. After removing objects whose photometry was contaminated by foreground sources (mainly in the SDSS), we defined the "secure sample" which contains 607 galaxies. Results. The sample galaxies have redshifts of < ∼ 0.15, and their 90-μm luminosities range from 10 6 to 10 12 L , with a peak at 10 10 L . The SEDs display a large variety, especially more than four orders of magnitude at the mid-far-infrared (M-FIR), but if we sort the sample with respect to 90 μm, the average SED shows a coherent trend: the more luminous an SED at 90 μm, the redder the global SED becomes. The M r −NUV−r color−magnitude relation of our sample does not show bimodality, and the distribution is centered on the green valley. We established formulae to convert the FIR luminosity from the AKARI bands to the total IR (TIR) luminosity L TIR . The luminosity related to the SF activity (L SF ) is dominated by L TIR even if we take into account the FIR emission from dust heated by old stars. At a high SF rate (SFR) (>20 M yr −1 ), the fraction of the directly visible SFR, SFR FUV , decreases. We also estimated the FUV attenuation A FUV from the FUV-to-TIR luminosity ratio. We examined the L TIR /L FUV -UV slope (FUV − NUV) relation. The majority of the sample has L TIR /L FUV ratios five to ten times lower than expected from the local starburst relation, while some luminous IR and all the ultraluminous IR galaxies of this sample have higher L TIR /L FUV ratios. We found the attenuation indicator L TIR /L FUV correlated to the stellar mass of galaxies, M * , but not with a specific SFR, SFR/M * . Conclusions. Together, these results show that the AKARI survey gives a representative sample of the local SF galaxies which will be a comprehensive local standard of their various properties to be compared with, for instance, high-z SF galaxies.

The large Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) surveys have allowed the classification of ionizing sources of emission lines on sub-kpc scales. In this work, we define two non-parametric parameters, quiescence (F q ) and its concentration (C q ), to quantify the strength and the spatial distribution of the quenched areas, respectively, traced by the LI(N)ER regions with low EW(Hα). With these two measurements, we classify MaNGA galaxies into inside-out and outside-in quenching types according to their locations on the F q vs. C q plane and we measure the fraction of inside-out (outside-in) quenching galaxies as a function of halo mass. We find that the fraction of galaxies showing inside-out quenching increases with halo mass, irrespective of stellar mass or galaxy type (satellites vs. centrals). In addition, high stellar mass galaxies exhibit a greater fraction of insideout quenching compared to low stellar mass ones in all environments. In contrast, the fraction of outside-in quenching does not depend on halo mass. Our results suggest that morphological quenching may be responsible for the inside-out quenching seen in all environments. On the other hand, the flat dependence of the outside-in quenching on halo mass could be a mixed result of ram-pressure stripping and galaxy mergers. Nevertheless, at a given environment and stellar mass, the fraction of inside-out quenching is systematically greater than that of outside-in quenching, suggesting that inside-out quenching is the dominant quenching mode in all environments.