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In this paper, chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) was introduced into the recently proposed microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) through covalent fabrication strategy for the first time. This novel paper-based CLIA, with high-throughput, rapid, stable and reusable CL response to trace amounts of analyte in real biological samples, combines the simplicity and low-cost of the μPADs with the high sensitivity and selectivity of CLIA. Periodate oxidation, which can form covalent bonds between polysaccharides and proteins, was used for activation of μPADs to covalently immobilize antibodies on μPADs in this work for the first time. Thus, the paper-based sandwich CLIA and regeneration of it can be easily realized for further development of this technique in sensitive, specific and low-cost applications. The application test of this paper-based CLIA was successfully performed, as a model, through the determination of biomarkers in human serum on paper microzone plate. The paper-based CLIA will be very useful when the level of an analyte in real biological sample is important for point-of-care testing, public health and environmental monitoring in remote regions, developing or developed countries.

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This study describes an analytical method employing capillary gas chromatography (GC) using flame ionization detection (FID) that has been developed for the simultaneous determination of acrylates (methyl acrylate (MA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA)) in wastewater. For this purpose, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was applied as a sample preparation technique. The DLLME conditions such as the types and volume of extraction solvent, the types and volume of the disperser solvent, pH value and salt addition were studied and optimized. The method was linear in the ranges from 4.3×10-4 to 200.0 μg·mL-1 for abovementioned acrylates with R2≥ 0.9992. The DLLME procedure allowed efficient recovery of the investigated acrylates ranging between 81 % and 109 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 9.1 for the blank samples spiked with 10, 50 and 100 μg·mL-1 of acrylates, respectively. These results showed the potential of this technique for acrylates monitoring in wastewater samples. Furthermore, the investigated methods are simple, reproducible, and inexpensive.