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High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE)-based composites with alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ)-and micronized copper quaternary (MCQ)-treated wood fibers were manufactured through injection molding. The mechanical properties, water absorption, and biological resistance properties of the fabricated composites with different coupling treatments were investigated. Composites with ACQ-and MCQ-treated wood had mechanical properties comparable with those made of untreated wood. The different coupling agents worked well for the treated wood materials. Similar water absorption behaviors were observed for the HDPE composites containing treated wood and those containing untreated wood. The results of the termite test showed that the composites containing untreated wood had slightly more weight loss. The decay test revealed that the composites containing treated wood had less decay fungal growth on the surfaces, compared with samples from untreated wood, indicating enhanced decay resistance for the composites from the treated material. The stable mechanical properties and improved biological performances of the composites containing treated wood demonstrated the feasibility of making wood-plastic composites with pressure-treated wood materials, and thus offered a practical way to recycle treated wood into value-added composites.

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Objective To introduce the surgical technique of reconstruction of Paprosky type III acetabular defects by 3D printed porous augments. Methods First, CT scans of pelvis were obtained to establish the 3D reconstruction model of 3D printed porous augment. Then, a nylon pelvis model was printed to simulate operation with the surgeons. At this time, the augment was designed and modified according to the surgeon's suggestions and the 3D printing principles. Eighteen patients with Paprosky type III acetabular defects receiving reconstructive surgery by 3D printed porous augments were included in current study. Their data, including general information, intra‐operative findings, imaging results, functional scores, and complications were retrospectively analyzed. Results The mean follow‐up time lasted 33.3 ± 2.0 (24–56) months. The average limb‐length discrepancy (LLD) was 31.7 ± 4.2 (3–59) mm preoperatively, 7.7 ± 1.4 (1–21) mm postoperatively (P < 0.0001), and 7.5 ± 1.2 (0–18) mm at the latest follow‐up. The mean vertical position of hip center of rotation (HCOR) from the interteardrop line changed from preoperative 50.7 ± 3.9 (23.3–75.3) mm to postoperative 22.9 ± 1.9 (10.1–40.3) mm (P < 0.0001), with the latest follow‐up revealing an HCOR of 22.3 ± 1.7 (11.0–40.5) mm. Follow‐up study showed that no hip had radiolucencies and radiological loosening of the acetabular components and augment. The average Harris hip score (HHS) improved from 40.3 ± 4.5 (10.5–71) before operation to 88.4 ± 1.9 (75–97) at the last follow‐up (P < 0.0001). Moreover, follow‐up exhibited that no periprosthetic joint infection, hip dislocation, fracture, and re‐revision occurred. Conclusion Surgical treatment of Paprosky type III acetabular defect with 3D printed porous augment was simple, achieved good match between porous augment and the defect bone surface and the acetabular component, ideally restored LLD and HCOR after operation, significantly improved HHS and attained good early clinical outcomes. It is a promising personalized solution for patients with severe acetabular bone defect.