The principle of authenticity is the basic and primary principle of the protection of historical and cultural heritage. It is the key to measuring the value of the heritage and the basis for the protection of the heritage. It is inseparable from the protection of traditional villages. As an important part of the cultural heritage of traditional villages, architectural space is an important carrier of traditional village memory and culture, carrying various material and intangible functions. At present, the importance of historical and cultural heritage protection and authenticity protection of traditional villages is becoming more and more prominent. This article summarizes relevant domestic and foreign research, hoping to understand the authenticity protection of historical and cultural heritage and traditional village architectural space from existing research results.