Objective: To determine the burnout among postgraduate residents’ and junior consultants in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the postgraduate residents (PGR) and junior consultants (JC) working at The Children’s Hospital Lahore in 2018. Participants were asked to complete Copenhagen Burnout Inventory questionnaire about burnout on 5 point Likert scale. ‘100 (always), 75 (often), 50 (sometimes), 25 (seldom) and 0 (never/almost never or according to intensity ranging from ‘a very low degree’ to ‘to a very high degree’. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Three questions were added related to hospital factors but scored separately. Students t-test and chi square test were used to compare the burnout. Results: A total of 227 participants including 177 PGR and 50 JC completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 84% and 86% respectively. There was a female predominance, 140 participants (61.7%) were female. Majority was from pediatric medicine 173 (76.2%). The mean personal and work related-burnout was high among PGRs as compared to JCs (18.68±5.01 vs 16.62±4.57) (p=0.008) and (21.14±5.57 vs. 18.56±5.52) (p=0.004) respectively. Similarly, there was significantly more burnout among pediatric medicine study participants as compared to surgery and diagnostic in all domains (personal BO; p=0.030, work-related BO; p=0.021, patient related BO; 0.033 and hospital related BO; 0.001). No difference was noted based on gender and year of training. Conclusion: Tertiary care hospital postgraduate residents and junior consultants face moderate burnout. Postgraduate residents had significantly more burnout as compared to junior consultants and majority were from pediatric medicine. How to cite this:Bari A, Kamran R, Haroon F, Bano I. Burnout among pediatric residents and junior consultants working at a tertiary care hospital. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.43 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Continuous evaluation in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) will contribute to spectrum scarcity problem in near future. Cognitive radio (CR) system aims to provide opportunistic access and adapt the available frequency resources instead of conventional static spectrum allocation. Spectrum sensing is one of the most demanding aspects in CR design and implementation. Low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and fading effects posed limitations to deploying CR in realistic propagation scenario with fast and fine sensing features. Energy detection(ED) based spectrum sensing is a viable choice for many vehicleto-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-roadside infrastructure (V2I) communications. In this paper, we consider the performance of ED over composite Generalized-K (KG) fading to deal with combined large and small scale fading in VANET. Diversity combining using Maximal ratio Combining (MRC) and Selective Combining (SC) over KG fading channel are investigated. A novel tractable expression for Energy detection based average detection probability for optimal MRC diversity combining scheme is derived and closed form possibility is analyzed for SC. Both numerical and simulation models are examined for practical low to moderate shadow fading conditions. The results highlight the notable impact of shadowing spread and fading severity on detection performance and meliorating effects of employing combining techniques.

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