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Abstract:Acridocarpus orientalis is an important medicinal plant for some of the locals of Arabian region. Very little is known about its phytochemical constituents. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bioactive chemicals from the crude methanolic extract of the aerial parts of A. orientalis. The extraction and isolation resulted in the purification of two flavonoids: morin (1) and morin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). The structure elucidation was carried out by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with the reported data for the known constituents. The pure isolates were subjected to various biological assays for their bioactivities. The compounds 1 and 2 were significantly active against the growth of various pathogenic fungi and phytotoxic against lettuce seed at higher concentrations. Furthermore, the free radical scavenging activities, anti-lipid peroxidation, OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2014, 19 17764 and cytotoxic effects against HepG2, HT29, and HCT116 cancer cell lines were also assayed and the results are presented in this paper.

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Phytochemical investigations of the endophytic fungus of an unidentified Ascomycete, isolated from Meliotus dentatus led to the isolation of two new polyketide metabolites named cis-4-acetoxyoxymellein and 8-deoxy-6-hydroxy-cis-4-acetoxyoxymellein. The structures of the two new polyketides were confirmed on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Preliminary studies showed that both of the new polyketides displayed strong antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli and Bacillus megaterium. cis-4-Acetoxyoxymellein and 8-deoxy-6-hydroxy-cis-4-acetoxyoxymellein also displayed good antifungal and algicidal activities toward Microbotryum violaceum, Botrytis cinerea, and Septoria tritici.