Background: Nutrition screening tools are necessary to predict the risk of malnutrition for cancer patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the validity of nutrition screening tools in identifying malnutrition among cancer patients.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 175 oncology patients in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Malnutrition risk of participants was screened using Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) 2002, Simple Nutrition Screening Tool (SNST), Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), Nutriscore, and the Royal Marsden Nutrition Screening Tool (RMNST). Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used as a gold standard. Nutritional assessments, including Body Mass Index (BMI), Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), albumin, hemoglobin, Total Leucocytes Count (TLC), and Hand Grip Strength (HGS), were used to evaluate nutritional status.Results: The NRS 2002, SNST, MST, Nutriscore and RMNST identified nutritional risk in 64.6%; 58.9%; 49.1%; 30.3%; 84.6%, respectively. The SNST obtained the highest level of AUC discrimination (0.8) compared to NRS 2002 (0.7); MST (0.7); Nutriscore (0.7); and RMNST (0.7). There was a significant association between nutrition screening with nutritional parameters except for TLC (P>0.005). Patients who were at risk of malnutrition had a lower average of objective assessment tools.Conclusion: All the nutritional screenings were valid to screen for malnutrition risk among cancer patients. Nutritional screening has a strong correlation with nutritional assessment. The lower risk detected by nutrition screening, the poorer the nutrition status measured by nutrition assessments.
Latar Belakang:Pasien kanker lebih rentan mengalami malnutrisi yang disebabkan oleh kondisi penyakitnya dan efek samping pengobatan. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi asupan makan dan status gizi pasien. Status gizi dapat diukur dengan indikator berat badan dan kekuatan genggam tangan. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan energi dan protein dengan perubahan berat badan dan kekuatan genggam tangan pasien kanker rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain kohort prospektif. Penelitian melibatkan 26 pasien kanker yang dirawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito selama minimal 3 hari. Subjek dibagi menjadi kelompok yang asupan energi 24 jam pertama <80% kebutuhan, dan kelompok yang asupan energinya ≥80% kebutuhan. Data berat badan dan kekuatan genggam tangan diukur di awal dan akhir perawatan. Data asupan energi dan protein diamati selama perawatan. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square, Fisher’s Exact dan risiko relatif. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan signifian antara asupan energi dengan perubahan berat badan (p<0,05). Subjek dengan asupan energi dan protein yang kurang berisiko empat kali dan 2,9 kali lebih besar mengalami penurunan berat badan (95% CI 0,95−16,83 dan 0,69−12,40). Subjek dengan asupan energi dan protein yang kurang berisiko 1,5 kali dan 1,8 kali lebih besar mengalami penurunan kekuatan genggam tangan (95% CI 0,48−4,65 dan 0,54−5,98). Kesimpulan: Asupan energi yang cukup dapat mencegah penurunan berat badan pada pasien kanker rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Sardjito.
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