No abstract

Activated carbon was synthesized from Iraqi date palm seeds by physical and chemical activation technique under optimized growth conditions that allow the production of long, well aligned, high-quality activated carbon. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were prepared using a sol gel method. The activated carbon/TiO2 composites were prepared using simple evaporation and a drying process. The structural, morphological and chemical properties of the prepared activated carbon, TiO2 and activated carbon/TiO2 composite were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformed infrared and scanning electron microscope. The photocatalytic activity of activated carbon/TiO2 composite with 10 % of activated carbon was studied and compared with TiO2. The UV light photocatalytic activity was also evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in an aqueous solution.

Preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the nanoparticles. The synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles was carried out consuming the sol-gel and direct precipitation methods. The TiO2 nanoparticles were calcined for 2 hours at temperatures of 200°C. X-Ray diffraction.(XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy were used to explore the structural, morphological, and chemical aspects of produced TiO2 nanoparticles in the second half (SEM). The range of 90 nm, the average crystallite sizes and particle sizes of catalyst nanoparticles were estimated. In this example, however, the crystallite size as determined by particle size was 50 nm. The structural analysis of TiO2 nanoparticles using XRD patterns revealed that anatase is the predominant phase and mixed phases are present in all of them.

In this research, the eco-friendly biogenesis of silver nanoparticles from 2 mM AgNO3 using the extraction of pomegranate peel (EPP) as the agent of reduction was explored. Analysis of the Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR), UV-visible spectrum, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize Ag nanoparticles. At 425 nm, UV-visible spectra show a significant resonance on the surface of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). A spectrum investigation using FTIR spectroscopy revealed that EPP operated as a reduction agent. SEM analysis reveals nanoparticles with average particle sizes ranging between 30 and 50 nm. AgNPs' antibacterial activity was also tested against Staphylococcus aureus. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), using Scherrer's equation and the refraction peak in the XRD pattern, the average particle diameter of the silver nanoparticles was determined to be 80. The silver nanoparticles formed in the brown-colored stable samples according to SEM analysis, and well-dispersed nanoparticles could be seen in the silver nitrate-treated samples. Ag nanoparticles produced by pomegranate peel extract show the maximum antibacterial activity against S. aureus (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mol). This technique produces Ag NPs with effective antibacterial action against harmful microorganisms. One of these is silver nanoparticles, which have a substantial influence on nanotechnology and the field of nanomedicine.

The reaction of sodium selenite source with various extracted orange covers in an acidic suspension during ambient circumstances has been devised as a simple sol gel technique to generate selenium nanoparticles. The selenium nanoparticles were stabilized with polyvinyl alcohol. A high-speed centrifuge can be used to isolate the nanoparticles from their sol, and a sonicator can be used to redisperse them in an aqueous media. The produced selenium nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods.