BackgroundHemorrhoid is one of the most common surgical diseases occurring in the anorectal region. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ischiorectal fossa block on alleviating post hemorrhoidectomy pain.MethodsIn this study, 90 patients suffering from hemorrhoids were evaluated. They were randomly divided into 3 groups. The first group had no block, the second group an ischiorectal block with placebo (normal saline), and the third group a preemptive ischiorectal block with bupivacaine. Postoperative variables such as pain intensity, pethidine consumption, nausea, and vomiting were compared between the groups.ResultsThe postoperative pain score in group 1 was 8.5 ± 1.3 and 8.1 ± 0.9 (P = NS) in group 2. The post operative analgesic demand was 3.1 ± 1.5 and 3.3 ± 1.8 hours in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = NS). The post operative pain score and analgesic demand were 4.2 ± 2.1 and 9.3 ± 2.7 hours, respectively, in group 3 (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsPreemptive ischiorectal block reduces the posthemorrhoidectomy pain and opioid demand.

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) has been related to dyslipidemia and suppression of antioxidant status. Howeverl, novel agents such as menthol can be an efficient strategy for alleviation of PCOS. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of menthol in blood biochemical parameters and antioxidant status in Wistar rats induced with PCOS. Materials and Methods: Fifty Wistar rats were used in this study and the animals divided into five groups including; 1. Control group (Control) or healthy rats; 2. PCOS group (PCOS) that did not receive any menthol; 3, 4 & 5. Animals that received 2, 4 and 6 mg/kg of body weight (PCOS-2, PCOS-4 and PCOS-6). To induce the PCOS, 5 mg estradiol valerate was administrated. At the end of the trial session, blood samples were taken to evaluate plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, Ferric-Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), Advanced Oxidation Protein Product (AOPP) and Total Oxidation Status (TOS). Results: Induction of PCOS increased glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL-C, FRAP, AOPP and TOS, and decrease HDL-C. The use of menthol especially in higher levels improved the mentioned parameters. PCOS also increased body weight and oral treatment of menthol helped to maintain the body weight. Conclusion: It is concluded that menthol improved antioxidant status in rats with PCOS. Thus, use of menthol is recommended for treatment of PCOS.