This study investigated the use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) made with recycled coarse aggregates (RCAs), which represents a trend of producing environment-friendly concrete, integrated with hot-rolled steel sections by means of headed stud shear connectors in composite structures. Therefore, thirty-six push-out test specimens were examined to assess the shear strength and behavior of the headed stud connectors embedded in RCA-SCC, with the concrete compressive strength, stud diameter, and RCA ratio as the main variables. Four ratios of RCAs ranging from 0 to 60% were used to produce concrete with three different compressive strengths (25, 33, and 40 MPa) for each one. It was found that the use of SCC with RCAs had a negative effect on the shear strength of headed stud connectors. This negative effect could be reduced by increasing the concrete compressive strength and/or the stud diameter. Similarly, a reduction in the shear stiffness of the tested specimens was inversely proportional to the RCA ratio, while the ultimate slip was directly proportional to the RCA ratio. An evaluation of the test results was made by comparing them with those determined by Eurocode 4 and AASHTO LRFD.
Plastic waste is one of the most factors with a negative impact on the environment. The goal of many researchers is to use plastic waste in concrete while taking advantage of its properties to improve the properties of concrete in some applications. This study aims to investigate the concrete resistance to chloride attacks by using plastic waste as a partial replacement for sand in the concrete. The effects of the plastic fine aggregate (PFA) on the mechanical and physical properties of concrete were studied. Four concrete mixes (normal concrete, concrete with superplasticizer or/and micro-silica) were prepared as control specimens. In addition, three concrete mixes were prepared with 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement of sand by PFA. The experimental results showed a slight decrease in the unit weight and the mechanical properties of concrete until the ratio of 20% PFA. However, the results showed significant improvements in the resistance of PFA concrete to chloride attack under normal, cyclic, and aggressive chloride attack conditions compared to the concrete with reliable protection methods.
In this research, aimed to study the behavior of simply supported steel concrete composite beams with normal and high compressive strength of the concrete slab under the action of a span mid-point external load. The steel I-section beam is located at the bottom of reinforced concrete slab and connected with it by stud shear connectors. Eight composite beams were tested under the action of a monotonic load, half of them had a normal strength concrete slab while the others with a high strength concrete slab. Four degrees of shear connection interaction (100%, 80%, 60%, and 40%) were used for both groups of the tested beams. It was noticed that there are no essential differences between the modes of failure that occurred in the tested beams with normal strength concrete and those with high strength concrete. It was also found that there is an increase in the initial stiffness of the beams when the concrete changed from normal to high strength for different degrees of shear connections, but this increment reduced with increasing the degree of the shear connection. It was noted that the ultimate capacity of the tested beams was increased with enhancement of the strength of the adopted concrete from normal to high strength. The results showed that, when the concrete compressive strength was increased from 32.6 MPa to 72.8 MPa, the ultimate moment capacity of the specimens was increased from 28% for 100% shear connection, and it is increased to 38% for specimens with 40% shear connection.
This experimental work along with an analyticalanalysis is investigated.The behavior of simply supported steel beams with lightweight and normal concrete slab that have the same compressive strengthand slump was studied. Eight specimens tested under mid-point load and analysis by plastic analysis theory. Four of composite beams havea steel I-section beam with normal concreteslab and the other four with lightweight concrete slab. Different degrees of shear interaction were considered (100% to 40%). It was observed that there are no essential differences between the modes of failure that appeared in the tested composite beams with normal and lightweight concrete. Also, it was notedthat there is a decrease in the initial stiffness and also in the ultimate strength of the composite beams when the concrete of the flanges for the tested specimens was replaced from normal to lightweight concrete for different degrees of shear connections.The analytical results for all tested beam specimens, except that with normal concrete and 100% degree of shear interaction, gave overestimate results compared with those of experimental results.
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