Gender role attitudes indicate the dynamics of gender relations in any society. As gender equality is now considered an important indicator of development for any country. Therefore, it is imperative to comprehend the societal especially youth acuity towards gender roles in a culture. This paper examined the university students’ attitude towards gender roles by employing Gender Roles Attitude Scale (Zeyneloglu & Terzioglu, 2011). The objective was to understand whether the attitude of youth towards gender role was egalitarian or traditional. For this purpose, a survey was conducted by taking a sample of 513 respondents conveniently from various universities of Lahore, both descriptive and inferential statistics data were used for data analyses. The results revealed significant gender differences in respondents’ perception, as male students’ approach towards gender roles was found more egalitarian than females. Furthermore, residential cities and socioeconomic background of respondents’ parents was found important in shaping their approach towards gender roles. Findings suggested that parents’ role in the socialization of children may be deemed first critical step towards nurturing gender sensitized society along with the incorporation of gender aspects in academic curriculum across the discipline at the different educational level in Pakistan. Moreover, government and social activists may advocate gender sensitivity by using various programs and policies.

No abstract

Background: This study aimed to find the association between screen time (ST) and body mass index in young adults.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted on 1876 students (aged 18-22yrs) from multiple Colleges of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, from January 2021 till June 2021. The main tools of the study were: 1) Body mass index (BMI) and an online questionnaire. The subjects were categorized into 3 main groups based on their ST: 1) Low ST< 2Hours/day, 2) Medium ST= 3 to 5Hours/day, 3) Excessive ST > 6Hours /day. Based on BMI, subjects were categorized into three main groups: Normal and underweight (BMI ≤24.9), over weight (BMI >25-29.9) and obese (BMI > 30).Results: The mean age (±SD) of participants was 20 ± 2.8 years. Average BMI was 23.5 kg/m2 . The % of students falling into the categories of normal weight, overweight and obesity was 69.2, 19.05 and 11.7% respectively . Average screen time in study participants was 8.2 ± 3.45 hrs /24 hours. 71.15% participants indicated a ST of ≥ 6 hrs/24 hours and 23.71% reported ST of 3 - 5 hrs/24 hours. Only 3.15 % of students reported ST of ≤ 2 hrs/24 hours. Although a rise in the mean BMI was observed with an increase in the ST, but this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.156). Pair wise comparison also failed to demonstrate any difference in BMI between different categorize of ST. Furthermore no significant positive correlation was found between increased BMI and excessive ST (P=0.37).Conclusion: A high percentage of young adults (31.2%) were overweight or obese, but excessive ST was not significantly associated with increased BMI in this study population. Further studies are recommended to identify the effects of other factors in causing increased BMI in young adults.