This review highlights the use of bromelain in various applications with up-to-date literature on the purification of bromelain from pineapple fruit and waste such as peel, core, crown, and leaves. Bromelain, a cysteine protease, has been exploited commercially in many applications in the food, beverage, tenderization, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and textile industries. Researchers worldwide have been directing their interest to purification strategies by applying conventional and modern approaches, such as manipulating the pH, affinity, hydrophobicity, and temperature conditions in accord with the unique properties of bromelain. The amount of downstream processing will depend on its intended application in industries. The breakthrough of recombinant DNA technology has facilitated the large-scale production and purification of recombinant bromelain for novel applications in the future.
IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to latex proteins present in health care products, particularly in latex gloves, has become an important public health problem in recent years. We purified natural Hev b 7, a 43-kDa patatin-like allergen from the latex of Hevea brasiliensis and determined several internal peptide sequences. A heterologous hybridization probe of a patatin gene of potato, to which these peptides could be aligned best, was used to screen a latex cDNA library. The cDNA encoded an acidic protein of 388 amino acids with a molecular mass of 42.9 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence had 39Ϫ42% identity to patatins from Solanum tuberosum. The purified recombinant Hev b 7 expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris displayed, similarly to patatins from S. tuberosum, esterase activity. Both natural and recombinant Hev b 7 were recognized by IgE from sera of latex-sensitized allergic individuals. In contrast to patatins from S. tuberosum and Nicotiana tabacum, natural Hev b 7 lacked an N-terminal leader peptide for targeting to the endoplasmatic reticulum and was not glycosylated. These results establish the 43-kDa patatin-like protein as a latex allergen and raise the possibility of different cellular localization and function compared to S. tuberosum patatins.Keywords : latex allergy; Hev b 7; Hevea ; Pichia pastoris; type-I allergy.IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex (NRL) allergenic potential and therefore potential hazards of latex products. This knowledge will help to make decisions whether to has become a serious medical problem especially among health care workers and patients who have to undergo repeated surger-withhold certain latex products or batches with high allergen content. ies such as patients with spina bifida [1, 2]. The increase in allergic reactions to latex has been partially attributed to the The presence of latex allergens in the 43Ϫ46-kDa range was demonstrated by several investigators [6, 7, 10Ϫ12]. The high enormous increase in the use of latex gloves for protection against HIV and hepatitis B and C [3, 4].prevalence of IgE antibodies against these latex allergens ranging from 23% [12] to 80% [6] and their presence in ammoniIn fresh NRL, the source material for manufactured latex products, a variety of IgE-binding proteins with molecular ated, non-ammoniated latex and manufactured latex products made these allergens especially interesting targets for diagnosis masses ranging over 5Ϫ110 kDa were detected by two-dimensional immunoblotting [5Ϫ7]. In 1993, the first latex allergen of latex allergy and monitoring of allergen content in consumer products. Recently, Beezhold et al. [11,12] reported a 46-kDa was identified at the molecular level as the rubber elongation factor [8]. Since then, a total of eight NRL allergens have re-latex protein that bound IgE from sera of 9/40 (23%) latexallergic health care workers in IgE immunoblots. Two peptide ceived an international nomenclature designation [9]. The full coding sequence is only known for Hev b 1, Hev b 2 (a β-1,3-sequences...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.