One of the most challenging decisions is to assess the preterm infant's transition from tube feeding to oral feeding. Thus, we require a reliable tool for determining the time to start oral feeding. This study aimed to measure the interrater and intrarater reliability of the Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment scale (PIOFRA). Materials and Methods:This study was an observational, cross-sectional study. The study participants were preterm infants who had been hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Shariati Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, between December 2017 and February 2018. The inclusion criteria were absence of neurological and gastrointestinal disorders or major congenital anomalies, Apgar score 3 or more in the first 1 minute, and 5 or more in the first 5 minutes. The exclusion criteria included family's unwillingness to participate in the study, infant's death, or a sudden change that affects neonates' nutritional status, like cerebral hemorrhage or intestinal problems. Results:The interrater and intrarater reliability of the total PIOFRA scale was good Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC˃0.75). The interrater and intrarater reliability of most items were good and excellent, with weighted kappa more than 0.50, with the exception of lip posture and especially stress sign, with weighted kappa less than 0.40. Conclusion:Generally, most items of the PIOFRA scale had acceptable interrater and intrarater reliability. Also, the interrater and intrarater reliabilities of the total POFRAs score was good.
Sciences is one of the governmental centers providing rehabilitation services. This study aimed to study the service quality of speech therapy services using SERVQUAL model. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic stud, conducted in 2016-2017, a convenience sampling was used to recruit 59 patients referring to the Speech Therapy Clinic. Service quality was measured using a two-dimensional questionnaire to measure the perceptions and expectations of the patients and calculate the existing gaps between their perceptions and expectations. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. One-sample t-test was used to examine the significance of the gap, and Spearman and Chisquare tests were used to examine the relationship between quantitative and qualitative demographic variables with five dimensions of quality, respectively. Results: Regarding the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the CVI was %0.85 and Cronbach's alpha for the perceptions and expectations were %0.95 and %0.82, in that order. The results indicated a service gap in all five dimensions of quality. The largest and lowest gaps were related to empathy and responsiveness dimensions, respectively. There was no significant relationship between service gap and age, the frequency of visiting the clinic and gender. Conclusions: According to the findings, the Speech Therapy Clinic does not fully meet the expectations of the clients and there is a need to improve the quality of services; therefore, in order to achieve a higher level of service quality, the clinic officials are recommended to reduce the gap between their clients' perceptions and expectations.
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