The aim of study was the assessment of epidemiology in patients with maxillofacial trauma, which referring to Emam Reza Hospital of Tabriz, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study designed as a cross sectional descriptive study and conducted during the one year from 2013-2014. Totally, 250 patients with maxillofacial trauma were selected which referring to Emam Reza Hospital. The demographic data, type of fracture, location of fracture were evaluated and documented in each patient. Data are showed as frequency and analysed by chi-square test by SPSS.21. RESULTS32% of patients were in the 21-30 age group and 10.2% were in the 5th decade of life. Most fractures were taking place in the subcondylar area (38.28%). Causes of trauma were 53.9% accidents, 24.2% falling, 4.7% IPV, 11.7% blunt trauma and 4.7% sportrelated accidents. Accidents, falling and blunt trauma were the three major causes of fracture in males and females. In females, there was no report of IPV and sport-related accidents. In all age groups, accidents and falling were major aetiologic factors except for blunt trauma being the 2nd major cause of fracture under 20 years old. Sport-related accidents occurred only in patients under 30 years old. CONCLUSIONMost fractures happened in males in 3rd decade of life and in the subcondylar area. Accidents were the major cause of mandibular fractures.

One of the challenges facing the humanity in 21 st Century is improving the Quality of Life. Concurrent with the advancements in different sciences and technologies, the face and the nature of human living has experienced significant changes too. Consequently, human being is in a continuous pursuit of better living conditions, both physical and spiritual. The history of literature goes as far back as the history of humanity itself, and therefore, as one of the main branches of humanities, it can, and it should, play a significant role in improving the Quality of Life. This paper discusses and underlines the undeniable and positive effects of literature on improving a number of globally recognized indicators used to evaluate the Quality of Life, namely, Culture, Leisure and Environment.

No abstract