Background The cause of infertility has not been found in unexplained infertile patients,, and perhaps one of the possible reasons is impairment of fetal implantation, as well as the multiple role of GCSF in improving implantation and quality of blastocyst. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GCSF in the pregnancy rate of patients undergoing IUI.Methods The patients with unexplained infertility were divided into two groups: one group was received GCSF in their IUI cycle and the other group had the routine IUI. Both groups were stimulated by letrozole, metformin, and monotropin during the cycle. When at least one follicle was greater than 18 mm, 5000 IU hCG intramuscularly was administered for ovulation induction and IUI was performed 34–36 hours later. In intervention group, 300 ug GCSF subcutaneously administrated in two days after IUI. Biochemical pregnancy rate was evaluated two weeks after IUI and clinical pregnancy rate was identified by the presence of a gestational sac on ultrasonography 8 weeks after IUI.Results There was no significant difference in demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups. The chemical pregnancy rate(16.3% vs 12.2%) and the clinical pregnancy rates (16.3% vs 8.3%) were improved in patients receiving GCSF compared to controls, but these differences was not significant (P = 0.56) and (P = 0.21).Conclusion Systemic administration of a single dose of 300 µg GCSF subcutaneously two days after IUI may slightly improve clinical pregnancy rate in patients with unexplained infertility. Nevertheless, our findings do not support routine use of G-CSF in unexplained infertility women with normal endometrial thickness.

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Background: to evaluate the effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) on fertility outcomes in women with unexplained infertility after intra uterine insemination (IUI).Methods: The patients with unexplained infertility were divided into two groups: one group was received GCSF in their IUI cycle and the other group had the routine IUI. Both groups were stimulated by letrozole, metformin and monotropin during the cycle. When at least one follicle was greater than 18mm, 5000 IU hCG intramuscularly was administered for ovulation induction and IUI was performed 34-36 hours later. In intervention group, 300 ug GCSF subcutaneously administrated in two days after IUI. The main outcome measures were biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, abortion rate and live birth rate.Results: There was no significant difference in demographic and clinical characteristics between the control group and the G-CSF group. Also, no statistically significant difference was identified in the biochemical pregnancy rates (16.3% vs 12.2%), clinical pregnancy rates(16.3% vs 8.2%), abortion rates (0 vs 2.04%) and live birth rates (8.2% vs 14.2%) between the control group and the G-CSF group (P=0.56, P=0.21, p=0.55 and p=0.32 respectively). Conclusion: Systemic administration of a single dose of 300 μg GCSF subcutaneously two days after IUI may slightly improve clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in patients with unexplained infertility. Nevertheless, our findings do not support routine use of G-CSF in unexplained infertility women with normal endometrial thickness. IRCT registration number: IRCT20160524028038N4.

Background:The time required to achieve the pregnancy is called time to pregnancy (TTP). The effective factors on TTP are different because of the different life style and geographical condition in various countries. The present study aimed to determine the effective factors on TTP in Kermanshah in 2010. Method:In this case-control study, 174 mothers with TTP ≥ 12 months and 587 mothers with TTP < 12 months were selected as case and control group, respectively. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by SPSS, V.16 software and p<0.05 was considered as significance level.Results: Based on the results of Multi-variant analysis, women education level (Diploma and higher)( OR-0.854, CI 95% = 0.741-0.984), increasing intercourse frequency per week (OR = 0.728, CI 95% = 0.631-0.839), not exposure to smoking (OR=0.606, CI 95%=0.380-0.965) and blood group A compared to O (OR = 0.639, CI 95% = 0.405-1.01) significantly reduced TTP. Some factors as BMI>25kg/m 2 (OR=2.221, CI 95%=1.489-3.312), irregular menstrual (OR=3.70, CI 95%=2.127-6.441) and the lack of doing sport activities among females (OR=1.920, CI95%=1.263-2.918) increased TTP. Conclusion:Based on the results of this study, some factors as high BMI and the lack of doing sport activities increased TTP and some factors as increasing the intercourse frequency per week reduced its chance. The couples who plan for pregnancy and follow medical interventions don't consider the factors of TTP. It is recommended that health care staffs support the couples and give them the required consultations.