This study aims to explore the prevalence of anosmia and dysgeusia and their impact on COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between 1st October 2020 and 30th June 2021 were randomly selected from a national COVID-19 registry. COVID-19 cases were diagnosed using molecular testing method which measured the viral E gene. The Anosmia Reporting Tool, and a brief version of the questionnaire on olfactory disorders were used to measure the outcomes via telephone interviews. Data were analysed using SPSS 27 statistics software. Results: A total of 405 COVID-19 adults were included in this study, 220 (54.3%) were males and 185 (45.8%) were females. The mean±SD age of participants was 38.2 ± 11.3 years. Alterations in the sense of smell and taste were reported by 206 (50.9%), and 195 (48.1%) of the patients, respectively. Sex and nationality of participants were significantly associated with anosmia and dysgeusia (p < 0.001) and (p-value=0.001) respectively. Among patients who experienced anosmia and dysgeusia, alterations in eating habits (64.2%), impact on mental wellbeing (38.9%), concerns that the alterations were permanent (35.4%), and physical implications and difficulty performing activities of daily living (34%) were reported. Conclusion: Anosmia and dysgeusia are prevalent symptoms of COVID-19 disease, especially among females. Although transient, anosmia and dysgeusia had considerable impact on patient's life. Neuropsychological implications of COVID-19 in acute infection phase and prognosis of anosmia and dysgeusia in COVID-19 are areas for further exploration.

Four cases of abdominal compartment syndrome in patients suffering major burns, who were treated at Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, from January 1998 to June 2003, are reported. The pathophysiological changes, and the high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition are also described. The significance of early diagnosis of this syndrome is discussed. The literature is reviewed and a protocol is suggested for measuring urinary bladder pressure when managing major burns.

Question: An 11-year-old girl with history of lactose intolerance and chronic constipation presented to our clinic with severe epigastric pain and emesis of 6-week duration. Her pain was episodic, aggravated by spicy food and not relieved by antacids. She had normal appetite and no weight loss. She was previously seen at an outside hospital where laboratory tests were reportedly normal and an abdominal ultrasound (US) showed 2 polyps within the gallbladder. Family history included colonic polyps in her maternal grandfather. Physical examination was remarkable for small brown freckles in the infraorbital area, on the eyelids, over the bridge of the nose, and on the lower lip. An abdominal US was repeated which showed a few gallbladder polyps (Figure A), largest of which measured 0.4 Â 0.4 cm in diameter. Upper endoscopy showed 2 pedunculated polyps (10 Â 10 mm) at the antrum of the stomach (Figure B) and 1 duodenal polyp (15 Â 10 mm) distal to the major duodenal papilla (Figure C). Polyps were removed, and pathology confirmed that they were hamartomatous polyps.What is the diagnosis? See the Gastroenterology website (www.gastrojournal.org) for more information on submitting your favorite image to Clinical Challenges and Images in GI.

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