Background: Given the increasing prevalence of chronic illnesses and their complications, supporting and empowering chronically ill patients seems crucial. Self-efficacy is considered as a predictor for empowerment. The purpose of this study to explore of different aspects of self-efficacy among persons with chronic physical conditions based on the Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM). Methods: this qualitative study is part of a larger study; sequential exploratory mixed-method for designing an instrument for the FCEM was conducted from May 2015 to March 2016 in two university hospitals. The sample was 22 participants, including chronically ill patients, family caregivers, and nurses. Data were collected through personal semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed concurrently with data collection through directed qualitative content analysis. Results: after determining the self-efficacy attributes in the family-center empowerment model, a category matrix was developed and the codes are placed in subcategories of the matrix. Most participants were female (58.0%), with a mean age of 49.50 years. The final analysis yielded a total of 247 units of analysis dispersed in eight subcategories belonging to four generic-categories. Conclusions: the findings of this study represent the dimensions of chronically-ill individuals’ self-efficacy that can be used to develop and implement programs for empowering chronic ill patients.

IntroductionAt resent 3desaides management of chronic mental disorders at psychiatric health association tobe high attention.Purpose of studyDetermining effect of psychodrama on depression among women with chronic mental disorder.MethodsThis study was a quasi-experimental study that done in RAZI comprehensive psychiatric center. Community of this research consists of chronic mental patients bedridden at RAZI comprehensive psychiatric center that among them 30 women with chronic mental disease possess entrains criterions selected and with randomized permuted blokes’ allocation to two control and intervention groups. Then them depression examined with beck depression inventory (BDI). Then 12sessions hours long of psychodrama, 2ice per week, 6 weeks for intervention group enactment but control group received routine treatments. When the program ended depression of ills reexamined whit study instrument and analyzed with independent T test, paired T test kolmogroph smernophand Leven and covariance analyzes tests.ResultsMain of depression before and after intervention at control group was not significant but at Intervention group was significant (P = 0.000).At two groups after Intervention depression differences revolve significant (P = 0.000).Comparison between main of depression after psychodrama even after modification of age and before intervention depression effect by covariance analyzes at two groups showed significant deferens.ConclusionPsychodrama leads to decrease of depression at intervention group.

Introduction: At resent 3desaides management of chronic mental disorders at psychiatric health association tobe high attention. Purpose of study: Determining effect of psychodrama on depression among women with chronic mental disorder. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study that done in RAZI ‫ﺍ‬ comprehensive psychiatric center. Community of this research consists of chronic mental patients bedridden at RAZI comprehensive psychiatric center that among them 30 women with chronic mental disease possess entrains criterions selected and with randomized permuted blokes´ allocation to two control and intervention groups. Then them depression examined with beck depression inventory (BDI). Then 12sessions hours long of psychodrama, 2ice per week, 6 weeks for intervention group enactment but control group received routine treatments. When the program ended depression of ills reexamined whit study instrument and analyzed with independent T test, paired T test kolmogroph smernophand Leven and covariance analyzes tests. Results: Main of depression before and after intervention at control group was not significant but at Intervention group was significant (P=0.000). At two groups after Intervention depression differences revolve significant (P=0.000). Comparison between main of depression after psychodrama even after modification of age and before intervention depression effect by covariance analyzes at two groups showed significant deferens. Conclusion: Psychodrama leads to decrease of depression at intervention group.

Aims: This study aimed to assess predictors of adherence to treatment in cardiovascular patients based on social adequacy Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common chronic diseases and a major cause of disability. They disturb the performance and social, familial, and occupational relations of patients. Adherence to treatment is one of the most effective methods to prevent the complications and progression of cardiovascular diseases. It is influenced by various factors such as self-efficacy, beliefs, social relations, and social adequacy. This study was conducted to determine the predictors of adherence to treatment in cardiovascular patients based on social adequacy. Methods: The research population of this descriptive-analytical study included cardiovascular patients discharged from the treatment centers from March 21 to June 22, 2021. Using the Pass software, the sample size was estimated to be 250 patients, which was increased to 270 by taking into account a 10% drop. The participants were selected by stratified random sampling based on the type of disease and inclusion criteria. Data were collected by a demographic information form, Fellner’s Social adequacyQuestionnaire, and Modanlo’s Treatment Adherence Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive (frequency, mean, percentage, and standard deviation) and analytic statistics (correlation and linear regression). Results: There was a significant correlation between social adequacy and adherence to treatment (p=0.001, r=0.677). There was also a significant relationship between adherence to treatment and four dimensions of social adequacy, including cognitive skills, behavioral skills, emotional adequacy, and motivational cues (p=0.001). The linear regression analysis showed that behavioral skills predicted 0.994 and effort in treatment and willingness to participate in treatment predicted 0.999 of adherence to treatment. Conclusion: Given the significant relationship between social adequacy and adherence to treatment in discharged patients and its predictive power, the patients’ social adequacy is suggested to be evaluated at the time of discharge, and required educational measures are advised to be taken based on the patients’ needs to empower and enhance their social adequacy.

Pain is the most important factor that forces patients to seek help from health care systems. Burn injuries are associated with severe pain and the assessment and interventions are a focus of nursing care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the revised short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire in burn patients. The present study is a methodological study in which 153 burn patients were included by convenience sampling. To evaluate the psychometric properties of the 22-item revised McGill Pain Questionnaire, face validity, construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) and reliability were determined by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient and split-half method. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22.0 software. During the quantitative face validity test, 4 items were removed from the instrument due to the impact score of less than 1.5 by burn patients. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed 5 factors (emotional, neuropathic, continuous, stimulatory, and shooting), which explained 72.32% of the total variance. The overall Cronbach's instrument was 0.836 and the coefficient obtained by the split-half method was 0.81. According to the validity and reliability, the 18-item McGill Pain Questionnaire obtained in the present study can be used to assess pain in Persian-speaking adult burn patients.