Due to the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and emergent administration of various vaccines worldwide, comprehensive studies on the different aspects of vaccines are in demand. This study evaluated antibody response after the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in the Children's Medical Center personnel. The blood samples of 174 healthcare workers were gathered at least 10 days after vaccination. The administered vaccines included Oxford/AstraZeneca, COVAXIN, Sinopharm, and Sputnik V. This study assessed all antibodies employing ELISA methods, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody by DiaZist and Pishtazteb kits, anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid by Pishtazteb kit, and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike by Razi kit. The cutoff for the tests' results was calculated according to the instructions of each kit. Totally, 174 individuals with an average age of 40 ± 9years participated in this study, the proportion of men was 31%, and the frequency of past COVID-19 infection was 66 (38%). Sixteen (9%) personnel received Oxford/AstraZeneca, 28 (16%) COVAXIN, 29 (17%) Sinopharm, and 101 (58%) Sputnik V. anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike were positive in 37 (21%), and 163 (94%) participants and their mean level were more in adenoviral-vectored vaccines (p value < 0.0001). Neutralizing antibody was positive in 74% using Pishtazteb kit while 87% using DiaZist kit. All antibodies' levels were significantly higher in those with a past COVID-19 infection (p value < 0.0001). In conclusion, Oxford/AstraZeneca and Sputnik V had a similar outcome of inducing high levels of anti-SARS-Cov-2-spike and neutralizing antibodies, which were more than Sinopharm and COVAXIN. The titers of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-nucleocapsid antibody were low in all of these four vaccines.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is highly contagious and has turned into a global health problem.  In this study, we investigated the role of clinical and laboratory characteristics along with administered therapeutic agents in patients with COVID-19, and identified some effective factors on the mortality of these individuals. Methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the data from all the hospitalized patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 23 and May 23, 2020. The data were obtained from medical records. Additionally, a checklist was used to record demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging, and treatment data for each patient. Results: Totally, 478 patients were involved in this study, and their median age was 58.5 years. Of these, 53.3% patients were male. The most common pre-existing underlying disease was hypertension (37.9%), and the mortality group had significantly more comorbidities (85.4%).  Higher neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphopenia, and reduced hemoglobin were more frequent in the mortality group (p < 0.001).  Similarly, the need to be admitted to the intensive care unit was significantly greater in the mortality group (p<0.001). The most frequently administered therapeutic regimens included hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir, which did not have any correlation with survival outcome. Conclusion: Older age, opioid addiction, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, baseline NLR and hemoglobin, and ICU admission were independently associated with COVID-19 mortality. On the other hand, hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir indicated no beneficial effects on patients’ outcome.

Considering the importance of single-electron transistors (SETs), many studies have been done over the past decade to develop the use of SETs and improve their efficiency in both the experimental and theoretical fields. One of the most important challenges in SETs study is their optimization for use in humancompatible Nanobots for purposes such as drug delivery and destruction of cancer cells. Therefore, the use of human-compatible molecules as an island in these transistors is very significant. In this work, the density functional theory (DFT) & non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) methods have been used for SETs modeling study of the first principle computations in the coulomb barricade system of SETs based upon the metal-organic complex of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), nicotinic acid (vitamin B3), pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), biotin (vitamin B7) and folic acid (vitamin B9). The isolated molecules and SET structures are analyzed based upon premises of overall energies, ionization energies, affection energies, addition energies, charging energies, gate coupling constant, density of states (DOS) plot, and charge stability diagrams (CSDs). It's established that riboflavin (vitamin B2) in the habitat of SET a decline in the additional energy and has the lowest addition energy and lowest charging energy at the neutral charge in the SET environment along with higher conductivity as evident from the CSD comparison has been revealed. Summing up the results and analyses indicate that a riboflavin molecule is a suitable option for SETs with a molecular island compatible with the human body.

Background and Objectives Internal Root Resorption (IRR) occurs in pulpchamber and canals of the tooth and results in desolation of around dentin. Regarding to important role of early diagnosis of IRR in prognose and treatment plan of the teeth and also limitations of intraoral technics in early detecting of these lesions, in this study we evaluated the accuracy of PSP in diagnosis of these lesions. Subjects and Methods We split 70 single root premolar teeth mesiodistalyand made artificial IRR in 35 teeth. The rest of them used as control group PSP and Conventional radiography captured from all teeth. IRR existence or not was considered in PSP and Conventionalradiographies of each tooth. Results PSP has complete agreement in all cases with reality but Conventional radiography in some cases particularly in 1/3 apical lesions of the root has moderate accuracy with reality and its results diden’t have considerable differences with reality. Conclusion Regarding to this study, has higher accuracy for PSP than Conventional radiography in detecting Internal root resorption lesions particularly in apical sites.