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Objective Core muscle dysfunction might serve as a risk factor for future musculoskeletal dysfunctions considering the high percentages of adults employed in mainly sedentary occupations in Iran, there is a need to clarify the strength of evidence on the potentially deleterious impact of prolonged sitting at work on the biomechanics of core/trunk muscles. This study aims to evaluate trunk/core muscle endurance in employees of seated and non-seated jobs in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Method A total number of 100 employees of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) were studied in 2 groups, seated jobs (n=50) and non-seated jobs (n=50). Seated jobs (office employees) defined as the jobs’ nature requiring the employees to sit more than half of their work time in a day, whereas non-seated jobs were those requiring less than half a workday to sit. Trunk endurance time measured by the 4 different stabilization tests including McGill’s trunk flexor endurance test, Sorenson’s trunk extensor endurance test and right and left trunk lateral flexor endurance test (Side-Bridge test). Results Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 21 (SPSS, Chicago, IL) Independent t test was used individuals in non-seated group had a statistically significant higher trunk endurance time for all 4 static tests (all P-values<0.001). Conclusion Prolonged occupational sitting is associated with reduced core muscle endurance. It may cause relationship between weakened core/trunk muscles and development of specific occupational musculoskeletal dysfunctions such as low back pain.

Introduction. developments in modern technology in occupational settings have resulted in prolonged sitting at the workplace. Prolonged sedentarism may cause musculoskeletal complications and impaired balance. The present study aimed to evaluate balance in employees working in a seated position for more than half of their working day compared with employees working in a non-seated position. Methods. overall, 100 employees entered the study and were divided into the seated (n = 50) and non-seated (n = 50) groups. The star excursion balance test was used to measure dynamic balance in the lower extremities. independent t-tests were applied for between-group comparisons. Results. The star excursion balance test scores were significantly lower in the seated position group compared with the non-seated position group. Conclusions. We conclude that dynamic stability is lower in employees working in a seated position compared with their non-seated counterparts.

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Introduction Chronic pain and depression are known to interact, possibly through common neurotransmitters and pathways. Frozen shoulder is among the most debilitating musculoskeletal disorders, with a prevalence of 2–5%. Managing one of these disorders may induce dramatic effects on the other. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of myofascial release on the attenuation of depression following pain reduction in a patient with depression and frozen shoulder. Case report/Method A 49-year-old woman with a history of depression for the previous 6 years was referred to us with a diagnosis of left side frozen shoulder. Initial range of shoulder flexion and abduction were 95 and 80 degrees respectively, and pain intensity on a visual analog scale was 10/10. Debilitating pain disturbed her sleep. Muscle weakness was documented with manual muscle testing. The myofascial release technique for the serratus anterior was applied in 5 sessions. Results Shoulder pain was considerably attenuated and range of motion improved notable following treatment. The patient’s Beck Depression Inventory score improved by15 points. Discussion These improvements might be attributed to the interrelationship between pain and depression.