Background: Burning is one of the worst accidents that people may now experience in modern society. One of the most critical problems of burn patients is the anxiety caused by medical treatments such as burn dressing. The present study aimed to determine the effect of rhythmic breathing on the anxiety of dressing change in burn patients. Materials and Methods: This experimental clinical trial was done on 60 burn hospitalized patients in Ayatollah Mousavi educational-therapeutic hospital of Zanjan province in 2017. The sampling was performed continuously and the samples were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (30 subjects in each group). The data collection tool included a demographic questionnaire and numerical anxiety scale. First, the demographic characteristics questionnaire was completed by the samples. Then, the rhythmic breathing was taught to the experimental group for 20 minutes until complete learning, and they were asked to perform the rhythmic breathing during dressing. Before and after dressing, anxiety was evaluated in the experimental and control groups for 3 consecutive days. After collecting data and entering them into SPSS 20, data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent and dependent t test, and Friedman test. Results: Based on the findings of the study, both groups were homogeneous in terms of age, gender, education, percentage and the degree of burn, and there was no statistically significant difference. The results of the Friedman test showed that the anxiety severity had a statistically significant difference in both control and experimental groups before and after the intervention (P<0.001). However, the severity of anxiety after the intervention further reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group, and this reduction was statistically significant in the experimental group (P<0.001). Conclusion: In general, rhythmic breathing is effective in reducing anxiety caused by a dressing change in burn patients. Thus, this method can be used to decrease the anxiety of dressing.

BACKGROUNDBurn injuries still negatively influence the various aspects of life like physical performance and quality of life. This study was conducted to investigate at-dismissal self-care compact disk-based instruction program on the physical performance life quality of the patients with burns. METHODS One-hundred burn patients in Shahid Motahhari Burn Center, Tehran, Iran were randomly assigned to two equal groups of intervention (n=50) and control (n=50). The latter received only routine dismissal self-care program and the former an instruction compact disc plus the routine self-care program at dismissal. The demographic information and burn patients' quality of life questionnaires were completed before and at months three and six after the intervention self-report program. RESULTSThe physical performance of the intervention and control groups before intervention was 1.61±0.71 and 1.45±0.47, respectively (p=0.41). The physical performance of the intervention group was higher than the control group at three and six months after the intervention (p<0.001). CONCLUSION At-dismissal self-care compact disk-based instruction program can increase physical performance and quality of life in patients with burns. Therefore, the burn patients can be instructed based on selfcare compact disk-based instruction program as an easy, available and less-costly method to take part in more satisfied treatment.

Background: Cesarean section is one of the most important and common surgeries, and surgical incision wound disorders are one of the medical problems. Self-care behaviors can be effective in accelerating the wound healing process. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the effect of a self-care training program on surgical incision wound healing in women undergoing cesarean section. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental clinical trial on 72 women undergoing cesarean section in 2017 at one of the medical centers of Sarpol-e Zahab. Sampling was continuous, and subjects were randomly assigned to control or intervention groups based on inclusion criteria. The mothers of the experimental group were given a surgical wound care booklet, and the contents were taught by the researcher in 45 - 60 minutes one day before cesarean section. The learning rate was measured before and after the intervention at the clinic. Cesarean section wound healing was assessed 24 hours and nine days after cesarean section using REEDA tools in both groups. The collected information was analyzed by statistical indices (standard deviation and mean) and tests (independent t-test, Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon and Friedman tests) by using IBM SPSS software version 20. Results: The mean score of cesarean section wound healing 24 hours after surgery was 1.1 ± 39.38 in the intervention group and 1.1 ± 92.60 in the control group that had no significant differences (P < 0.13). However, the mean score of cesarean section wound healing nine days after surgery was 0.0 ± 53.65 in the intervention group and 1.1 ± 43.28 in the control group, which showed a significant difference (P = 0.001). Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be concluded that a self-care training program is effective in accelerating the surgical incision wound healing in women undergoing cesarean section. Thus, we propose to use this self-care training program in pregnant mothers undergoing cesarean section.

Background & objectives: Women undergoing cesarean section may have some difficulty in self-care and also the care of their baby due to post-operative pain. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of non-pharmacological self-care training methods on pain management in women undergoing cesarean section. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 72 women candidates for cesarean section at Shohaday-e Sarpol-e Zahab hospital. Samples were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. In the 37th week of pregnancy, the test group was presented with a self-care pain control training booklet and its content was also taught by researcher in a 45-60-minute face-to-face session until full learning. The control group received the usual methods. The severity of pain in first 24 hours after surgery was assessed using a visual acuity scale (VAS) in both groups. The test group was then asked to perform self-care exercises. On the ninth day after surgery, the severity of the pain was re-evaluated in both groups. Data analysis was performed using independent ttest, paired t-test, chi-square and statistical indicators in SPSS software version 20. Results: The results showed that the mean pain severity scores were 5.19±1.69 in experimental group and 4.19±1.20 in control group (p=0.005). Also, the mean pain severity scores, nine days after cesarean section, were 0.92±0.97 in the experimental group and 2.59±1.34 in control group which showed a statistically significant difference between two groups (p<0.001). Pain severity was lower in the experimental group than in control group. Conclusion: According to the findings, non-pharmacological self-care methods for pain management have been effective in reducing pain after cesarean section. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses consider these safe, non-invasive, cost-effective self-care techniques along with medication.