Background:Different morbidity conditions are globally reported from different nations for premature infants. The aim of this study was to identify the relative frequency of some of the most important complications of prematurity in a population of about 1000 of very low birth weight (VLBW; i.e., infants with weight of <1500 g) premature infants in our city and publish the results of the project at the level of the urban community of Isfahan in order to use it for further decisions.Materials and Methods:Demographic characteristics and information of prematurity complications of 1000-registered VLBW premature infants were collected and analyzed.Results:The mean gestational age and birth weight were 30.19 ± 2.26 weeks and 1223.96 ± 227.77 g, respectively. Seven hundred and ninety-eight individuals (79.69%) had respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) which also had the most prevalence frequency, whereas the number of newborns who had chronic lung disease was 80, with the lowest prevalence of 8.01%. The prevalence of infantile mortality was 3.10%.Conclusion:Regarding advances in medical technologies and caring system, the mortality rate for premature neonates, even VLBW infants, has decreased significantly and survival rates are grown. Alongside the low death rates, managing complications related to prematurity period should be considered more, especially caring for respiratory management should be considered remarkably since RDS stands as the most prevalent disease among them. Efforts also should be made to reduce the number of diseases that worsen the prognosis, such as intraventricular hemorrhage.

Introduction: Recent studies have evaluated the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, management and treatment of anaphylaxis in different populations, but the results of various studies are contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, management and treatment of anaphylactic patients referred to the Children's Medical Center of Tehran during the years 2015-2016.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 patients with anaphylaxis were studied. The study population included all patients who had been diagnosed with anaphylaxis without age limitation and during the period from 2015 to 2016 to undergo serum beta-tryptase examination were referred to the laboratory of the Children's Medical Center of Tehran. The sampling method was census-based and the information was collected through a pre-designed questionnaire by examining patient files or telephone contacts with patients. After collecting data, the data were entered into SPSS 22 software and analyzed statistically. Finally, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: In our study, we investigated 30 patients with anaphylaxis, an average age of 25±15 years (range 2 to 60 years) among which 13 (43%) were men and 17 (57%) women.The most important cause of anaphylaxis in the studied patients was foods (57%), followed by drugs (20%), unknown (20%) and pollen plants (3%). About 33.7% of patients had allergies to specific allergens. The most routes of exposure with allergens were, oral (56.3%), intravenous (18.7%), unknown (12.6%) and cutaneous (3.1%), respectively. 33.6% of them had positive skin tests. The most common symptoms of anaphylaxis in order of frequency were respiratory (72.9%), cutaneous (48.8%), cardiovascular (18.6%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (6%). Eighty percent of anaphylaxis occurred at home. The most commonly prescribed medications were corticosteroids (83.3%), antihistamine (76%), epinephrine (60%) and beta-agonists (3%). Only 30% of the patients had access to Epipen.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, since most anaphylactic reactions occur in the home and more than one-third of patients had allergic to certain allergens and two-thirds of patients had a history of anaphylaxis, it seems that by providing the necessary training and knowledge to individuals with regard to allergenic substances or allergenic drugs, as well as increased access for patients to Epipen, we can prevent the occurrence and risk of subsequent anaphylaxis in these people.