Aims. A glide path is created prior to root canal instrumentation by nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files to increase the efficiency and safety of cleaning and shaping. This study aimed to assess root canal transportation in use of different glide path files in curved canals. Materials and Methods. 30 sound mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular molars with 20° to 40° curvature were selected and randomly assigned to 3 groups of EdgeGlidePath (EGP, EdgeEndo), One-G (Micro-Mega), and Neolix (Neoniti). The specimens were scanned before and after glide path creation by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The pre- and postoperative micro-CT scans were superimposed, and the degree of canal transportation and centering ratio were measured at 1, 3, 5, and 7 mm distances from the apical foramen. Statistical Analysis. The data were analyzed by two-way and one-way ANOVA. Results. The effects of distance from the apical foramen and instrument type and the interaction effect of the two were not significant on the centering ability of the files or canal transportation. Conclusion. EdgeGlidePath, One-G, and Neolix files fabricated from the conventional NiTi alloy or heat-treated M-Wire alloy showed similar performance regarding centering ability and canal transportation in glide path preparation in curved canals.

In this study, the physicochemical and sensory properties of kolompeh containing black caraway and sesame oil were investigated. Black caraway extract (BCE), encapsulated black caraway extract (EBCE), and black caraway powder (BCP) were added to kolompeh and compared to the sample without black caraway (FBC). All products contained sesame oil and were compared to control (without sesame oil). Among the samples, kolompeh with encapsulated extract demonstrated a higher oxidative stability (24.37 h), with a high IC50 of black caraway extract (124.1 μg·mL–1). In addition, the emulsion exhibited size distribution between 3.20 and 8.51 μm, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the well encapsulated extract. Gas chromatography identified oleic and linoleic acids as the main fatty acids in kolompeh with the black caraway encapsulated extract. Although, there were no significant differences in the colour parameters (L*, a* and b*) of the samples, kolompeh with EBCE had the highest score given by panelists. The control had a higher (2466 g) hardness compared to kolompeh containing EBCE (1688 g) at the end of storage. Therefore, the encapsulated extract of black caraway not only had no an adverse effect on the properties of kolompeh but also improved its quality.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for evaluation of canal transportation and centering ratio after instrumentation of curved canals. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 mesiobuccal canals of mandibular molars were prepared by sequential rotary system. All specimens underwent CBCT and micro-CT before and after instrumentation and the magnitude of transportation and centering ratio were measured. The accuracy and the agreement between the two modalities were calculated considering the acceptable transportation of ≤ 0.15 mm. The agreement between the modalities was also assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Transportation was detected by both modalities at all distances from the apex after instrumentation. Agreement between the two modalities in assessment of canal transportation was observed in 16 specimens at 1 mm, 17 specimens at 3 mm, and 15 specimens at 5 and 7 mm from the apex, out of 20 specimens, yielding 80%, 85%, 75% and 75% accuracy, respectively. ICC for transportation and centering ratio was much lower than 0.75 indicating poor agreement between the modalities. Conclusions: CBCT and micro-CT do not have a good agreement in assessing transportation and centering ratio. Micro-CT is still recommended for evaluating transportation in vitro, due to higher resolution and better visualization of details. Clinical relevance: CBCT is recommended for assessment of canal transportation in the clinical setting; however, it cannot replace micro-CT for in vitro studies, and micro-CT remains the modality of choice for in vitro assessments.

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