The aim of this study is to analyze the experiences of prospective teachers living in East and Southeast Anatolia who have completed their primary and secondary education in these regions in relation to the educational problems in East and Southeast Anatolia. In accordance with this aim, the phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the research. The research group of the study consists of 9 prospective teachers who are continuing their education in different departments of the Faculty of Education during the academic year 2021-2022. The study used a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers as a data collection tool. The data obtained during the study were analyzed using content analysis. As a result of the research, the prospective teachers stated that the most important problems in education in Anatolia's eastern and southeastern regions are general transportation, housing, and family’s economical problems. Other important problems are language, social gender, unawareness of parents, and socio-cultural problems. Under the heading of educational problems, the prospective teachers mentioned the problems of school opportunities, teachers' behaviors/attitudes, and the lack of teachers.

The purpose of this study is to look into primary school teacher candidates' experiences with virtual museums during the pandemic.For this purpose, the study was conducted with a phenomenology design, which is one of the qualitative research designs. The study's participants are 15 teacher candidates enrolled in the faculty of education for the 2020-2021 academic year.In the study, data were collected after 10 virtual museums were experienced by the participants, who made assessments from an educational perspective. The research data were collected through a structured interview form, the Virtual Museum Evaluation Form (VMEF). The data obtained were analyzed with content analysis. According to the findings of the study, it was determined that using virtual museums in educational environments will benefit students and teachers, but also have some disadvantages. At this point, it can be said that virtual museums can be used in education due to such reasons as ensuring the active participation of students in the lesson, supporting permanent learning, making the lesson fun, etc. while being aware of the disadvantages.

As the number of global environmental problems is increasing day by day, one of the courses given in environmental education, which is gaining importance, is social studies. In this context, environmental education in social studies gains importance, as well. From this point of view, this research aims to determine the views of social studies teachers about environmental education given through social studies curriculum and textbooks. The research was conducted with a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The study group of the research consisted of 8 social studies teachers working in schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of Türkiye (MoNE) in the fall semester of 2021-2022. The study data were collected with a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. The obtained data were analysed by the descriptive analysis method. According to the research findings, social studies teachers are of the opinions below: the emphasis on the sustainability principle of environmental education in the curriculum is low, it is insufficient in terms of achievements and is not suitable for the level, however, it is sufficient in terms of skills. In addition, the textbooks are far from actuality, and especially at the 5th-grade level, the visualization is insufficient. While the applied-based education approach is mostly adopted in environmental education, it has been emphasized that the most important problem in the realization of environmental education is the procedure. Teachers suggested the practice and activity-based education approach and environmentalist content.

Introduction: Citizenship plays a crucial role in protecting the identity of states and societies. Citizenship becomes even more important for gifted people who make important contributions to the scientific and technological development of a country. From this point of view, this study aims to explore the perceptions of gifted people trained at Science and Art Centers (SAC) in relation to the concept of citizenship. Method: The study was conducted using a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The study group of the research consisted of 23 6th grade students, 13 boys and 10 girls, studying at Science and Art Centers (BİLSEM) in İstanbul in the academic year 2020-2021. The data of the study was collected using a structured interview form developed by the researchers. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings: It was found that gifted students defined citizenship as a person living in a place and having some basic duties and rights to the place to which they belong. The students mostly defined themselves as good citizens and stated that a good citizen has responsibilities towards his environment and country. In the context of the view that the state is a political institution in which people live together, the understanding of a social and legal state dominates. The main responsibility of citizens is seen in being hardworking and respecting the country and society. The majority of students feel connected to their country, with the most important factor for this connection being culture and history. While the most positive aspect of being a citizen of Turkey is its historical heritage, it is noteworthy that some of the students wish to be citizens of the developed Western countries. Discussion: The students’ views are largely consistent with studies in the literature on citizenship and state definitions and citizenship of other countries based on brain drain. However, unlike other studies, this one emphasized researcher personality, which is one of the distinguishing characteristics of gifted individuals, among the characteristics of citizens.