Background: Stored cereals are attacked by pests including Sitophilus, a primary insectpestthat kthe whole grain and destroys the germ. The usual control methods are less efficient and more expensive. The use of essential oils of aromatic plants is more interesting. Eucalyptus is a plant of great medicinal value due to the presence of secondary metabolites. Methods: In this experimentation that took place during the year 2017, extraction of oils by hydro distillation of eucalyptus was used on insects at different doses by two methods with are ingestion and inhalation. Two species of Sitophylus are morphologically different as they may be different with regard to the use of biopesticide (eucalyptus essential oil), regarding the mortality rate in relation to the duration of treatment Result: Sitophilus oryzae was more sensitive to this bio-pesticide since it was only after eight (08) hours of treatment that mortality exceeded 50% by the ingestion method whereas only 6.6% of mortality was recorded on Sitophilus granarius. Same observation by the inhalation method, 90% mortality on the third day for Sitophilus oryzae while only 20% mortality on Sitophilus granarius. So the ingestion method requires fewer products plus a speed in the mortality time.

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It is well known that balanced and optimal mineral fertilization (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) can increase yield and improve wheat quality. However, there is little scientific knowledge on the specific effect of potassium (K) fertilization on the morphological and qualitative characteristics of rainfed durum wheat under Mediterranean conditions, especially in the context of Algerian agriculture. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to provide crucial information on this important type of durum wheat mineral nutrition for farmers and researchers working in similar areas. The field study was conducted in the Northern Algerian region of Mitidja during the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 growing seasons. The effect of K fertilization was evaluated within five contrasted rates of K: 0 kg k2O ha−1, 100 kg k2O ha−1, 200 kg k2O ha−1, 300 kg k2O ha−1, and 400 kg k2O ha−1, which were applied on one of the most commonly cultivated cultivars of durum wheat (Simeto). Results showed that increasing potassium levels had a positive and significant impact only on grain yield, spike length, spike neck, and dry matter. Hence, the highest grain yield of durum wheat (2.58 t ha−1) was demonstrated under low K application (100 kg k2O ha−1). This rate leads to an increase in grain yield by more than 0.6 t ha−1, as compared to the unfertilized control. Moreover, the thousand-grain weight of durum wheat was significantly increased by 4.11 g and 1.96 g, respectively, under low and moderate (200 kg k2O ha−1) K-fertilization, as compared to the control. In terms of grain yield quality, low K application provides an increase of 1.21% in protein content as compared to that measured under the control treatment. The major finding confirmed that both growth and yield indicators of durum wheat were globally optimized under low K application. Based on grain yield and evaluated agronomic traits, this research revealed that an applied K rate of 100 kg k2O ha−1 is recommended as the most effective dose to maximize durum wheat yield and quality under Algerian sub-humid conditions.

Marrubium vulgare L. is a spont aneous plant of great medicinal value due to the presence of secondary metabolites. Our work aims to study the physicochemical and phytochemical profile of this species. The results of the physicochemical analyzes showed that Marrubium vulgare L. has a sug ar content of 5.91%, a lipid content of 4.12%, a total fiber content o f 6.42%, a water content of 42. 42%, an ash content of 17.76%, a solids content of 2.5 degrees of Brix, an electrical conductivity of 4.06 mS/cm 2 and a pH of 4.8. Regarding the results of the various phytochemical tests, the latter revealed the presence of catholic tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and mucilage in the horehound. However, the absence of anthocyanins, glycosides, quinones, anthraquinones and irroids has been noted.

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