A field experiment was conducted comprising two varieties of mungbean, BARI Mung-5 (V1) and BARI Mung-6 (V2), and five levels of phosphorus fertilizer: triple super phosphate [Ca(H₂PO₄)] viz. T1 (control), T2 (42.5 kg P ha⁻¹), T3 (85 kg P ha⁻¹), T4 (127.5 kg P ha⁻¹), and T5 (170 kg P ha⁻¹). The experiment was organized in a randomized complete block design with three replications. V1 produced the highest number of pods per plant (7.65), whereas the maximum 1,000-seed weight (49 g) was produced by V2. The maximum plant height (30.89 cm), number of branches per plant (8.55), number of leaves per plant (19.05), number of pods per plant (10.25), pod length (8.95 cm), number of seeds per pod (9.11), 1,000-seed weight (48.17 g), and yield (1.05 t ha⁻¹) were obtained from the T4 treatment. The interaction of phosphorus levels and varieties had a considerable effect on the growth, yield, and yield attributes of mungbean. The highest number of leaves (20.44) and number of pods (10.39) were obtained from V1 when 127.5 kg P ha⁻¹ (T4) was applied, whereas the maximum number of seeds per pod (9.25) and maximum pod length (9.09 cm) were obtained when  85 kg P ha⁻¹ and 42.5 kg P ha⁻¹, respectively, were used. The highest number of branches per plant (8.87), 1,000-seed weight (52.83 g), and the maximum seed yield (1.14 t ha⁻¹) were achieved from the treatment V2T4 owing to the interactive effect of phosphorus dose and mungbean variety.

Background and Objectives: Due to huge demand and availability of Banana, innovative cost effective method is necessary to promote and smoothen the banana production among farmers commercially mitigating the demand. Method and Materials: In this study, we feed cow dung mixture along with Urea, TSP, MoP, water to the distal part of rachis after cutting down male bud as soon as the female flowers matured into fruits (T1). The effect of this method was then compared with two control groups; one with the same strategy except fertilizer applied on root following ring method (C1, Positive control) and another was male flower untouched without applying fertilizer on rachis or root (C2, Negative control). Results and Conclusion: T1 showed more than double increase in length than controls. In the same way, in case of shape (diameter), T1 (0.46 cm) showed twice as better growth in the C1 (0.22 cm) and C2 (0.18 cm). Trend analysis showed the test group T1 curve is much steeper than the control groups suggesting faster growth rate than the other two. Finally, the cost of fertilizers for T1 per plant was estimated 0.091 USD while for positive control C1 it was 2.9 USD. This study shows an approach to be effective and economic comparing to traditional method of fertilizer application, which can be adapted as a new method of banana production.

Plants have a natural protective process of altering their genetic molecules in response to changing environments. To uncover the genetic potential of plants, it is crucial to understand how they adapt to adverse conditions by analyzing their genetic molecules. In the study, we focused on understanding the responsive genes of tomatoes under drought conditions. We analyzed RNASeq data from different Tomato genotypes, tissue types, and different drought durations. We used a time series scale to identify early and late drought-responsive gene modules and applied a machine learning method to identify the best responsive genes. We found six candidate genes of Tomato (ASCT, FLA2, BAG5, DCL2b, NFP7.3, and ADC1) that were responsive to drought. We further constructed their protein-protein interaction network to identify their potential interactors and found them drought responsive proteins. The candidate genes can help to explore the adaptation of tomato plants under drought conditions. The identification of these candidate genes and modules can have far-reaching implications for molecular breeding and genome editing in Tomato, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie drought adaptation. This research underscores the importance of the genetic basis of plant adaptation, particularly in changing climates and growing populations.

18An experiment was carried out at Nabogram Khamarbari, near the Manannogor, Sadar Upazila, 19Noakhali District, Noakhali-3814, Bangladesh during the period from 12th January 2018 to 17th 20 April 2018, with two varieties of tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) SAU tomatillo-1 and SAU 21 tomatillo-2. It was laid out in RCBD method having three replications and was conducted to 22 observe the influence of staking and non-staking on tomatillo cultivation in coastal areas. For the 23 study, growth indicating characters like no. of leaves plant -1 , size of leaf plant -1 , height of each 24 plant, no. of branches plant -1 and yield attributing parameters such as days to first flowering, days 25 to 50% flowering, no. of fruits branch -1 , fruit weight and yield were obtained from the plants with 26 Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | the treatments of staking and non-staking. A wide variation was observed between two varieties 27 of tomatillo with the effect of these treatments. According to the results highest no. of leaves 28 branch -1 , maximum size of leaves branch -1 , tallest height of each plant, uppermost no. of 29 branches plant -1 , highest no. of fruits branch -1 , maximum weight of each fruit and yield were 30 obtained in the staking treatment over the non-staking treatment of SAU tomatillo-1 and in case of 31 SAU tomatillo-2, with the same parameters the result indicated significantly upper in the staking 32 treatment over non-staking treatment. Considering the two varieties of tomatillo, the outcome 33were significantly superior with staking treatment for the similar parameters. The findings of the 34 experiment indicated that the best yield (21 tha 1 ) and highest financial benefit could be obtained 35 by SAU tomatillo-1 and the best tomatillo production in saline soil of coastal areas is possible by 36 cultivating SAU tomatillo-1. 38 126No. of days from sowing to first flower opening was recorded. The number of branches per plant was also 127 recorded. Total number of marketable fruits, harvested from the ten tagged plants of P1, P2, P3, and P4 128 were counted and the number of fruits per tagged plant was calculated as average. Fruits were harvested 129 from the tagged plants and individual fruit weight (g) was calculated as average weight.

The aim of the study was to examine the biogas and methane yield of maize silage, a wastes in agricultural point of view and compare it to the biogas productivity of commonly used mixture of maize silage and mixed fodder with water. The experimental study was carried out into 2 parts. Firstly, the batch experiment was conducted in Mesophilic conditions (35°C), at five different hydraulic retention times (HRT): 6 DAT, 11 DAT 20 DAT 29 DAT and 41 DAT. The results revealed that maize silage was generated the highest biogas yield of 537 mL /241 mL at the HRT of 6days /41 days. Mixed fodder produced the highest biogas yield of 421 mL at the HRT of 6th days and the lowest one was 252 mL at the HRT of 20th days. Finally, the methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide of biogas produced from maize silage and mixed fodder were analyzed using a gas chromatography. The results shown that biogas from maize silage precedes the gas less than the mixed fodder. In the field level experiment proved that from mixed fodder produced gas which would be enough for 7 member’s family used 3 months for the purpose of their cooking.