Potent and food-safe antibacterial chemicals capable of decontaminating carcass surfaces have been researched for a long time due to their great value for the quality and shelf life of the meat. The aim of current study is to test the antibacterial effect of lactic acid (LA) and acetic acid (AA) spray treatments using three concentrations (1, 1.5 and 2 %) on the aerobic plate count, Enterobacteriacae count, coliform count, and Staphylococcus count of fresh sheep carcasses surface after 20 minutes of spraying. Results of the investigated bacteriological parameters showed significant reductions after being exposed to organic acids, especially Gram-negative bacteria (Enterobacteriacae) which showed greater sensitivity to the used organic acids than Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus), where greater concentration gave greater reduction in the bacterial counts. Moreover, spray wash of lactic acid resulted in higher reduction of bacterial counts on meat surface than acetic acid. From the obtained results, organic acids showed safe, simple, efficient, cheap, and highly effective modality of meat decontamination, on addition, application of lactic acid 2.0% spray showed higher anti-bacterial effect, therefore, it is recommended to improve safety of sheep carcasses for industrial scales.

The study was conducted on 100 random samples of frozen chicken meat cuts represented by chicken wings, drumstick, thigh and breast (25 of each) purchased from different markets at Qalubiya Governorate, Egypt. The collected samples were bacteriological examination to investigate the bacteriological quality. The obtained results cleared that the mean values of APC, psychrotrophs; coliforms and S. aureus counts (CFU/g) of the wing samples were the most contaminated with such bacterial groups followed by drumstick, thigh, and breast samples. Further, bacteriological isolation of some food poisoning bacteria revealed detection of E. coli and coagulase positive S. aureus (CoPSA) in 11, and 21% of the examined samples, respectively. On the other hand, Salmonella species could not be detected in any of the examined samples. Concerning detection and typing of some enterotoxigenic CoPSA, 5 isolates were randomly examined using SET-RPLA test and the results indicated detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin A in 3 isolates (60%), while Staphylococcal enterotoxins C and D were detected in one isolate (20% of each). Therefore, the sources and public health significance as well as trials for control of such serious food poisoning bacteria were discussed.

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Although chicken meat cuts are of high nutritious, economic and consumers' demanded meats, but it may be a serious microbial food poisoning cause referring to low hygienic procedures during production. Therefore, the current study was established to isolate and identify enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in one hundred random samples of raw chicken meat cuts represented by chicken breast and thigh meat samples (50 of each) that were collected from different poultry shops in Qalubiya Governorate. The obtained results revealed that the incidence of E. coli was (24%) in all the examined samples, where it in thigh samples (28%) were more than in breast ones (20%). Serotyping of the isolated E. coli strains revealed that they belonged to both enteropathogenic (EPEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) serotypes. Moreover, out of six isolates that were molecularly investigated for Shiga toxins producing genes, only one isolate revealed presence of Shiga toxin-2 producing gene (stx-2) with prevalence of 16.67%. So, it was concluded that, breast and thigh chicken meat cuts may harbor pathogenic E. coli that possess public health hazards affecting consumers' health.

Abomasal disorders can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening conditions for the Sheep are considered one of important protein sources in Egypt; due to its availability, nutritional value, and desirable taste, mutton and its edible offals are of good consumer demands. Hygienic profile of the slaughterhouse facilities and personnel handle fresh carcasses play the major role of its safety and compatibility for human consumption. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the bacteriological profile of ninety random fresh samples of sheep meat, liver, and lungs (30 of each) collected from immediately eviscerated sheep carcasses in private slaughterhouses in Eastern-Owinat, New Valley province, Egypt. Assessment of the bacteriological quality of the examined samples was conducted to investigate their hygienic quality and safety for human consumption. Results showed variable contamination levels in accordance of mean values of aerobic plate counts (APC), Enterobacteriacae counts (EC), coliform counts (CC), and Staphylococcus counts (SC). Accordingly, the liver samples were the highest contaminated samples with APC, EC, and CC with mean values of 3.06x10 5 , 2.1x10 4 , and 1.2x10 4 CFU/g, respectively; while mutton samples were the most contaminated with SC with incidence and mean value of 8.0x10 (46.66%). Referring to C. perfringens, it was detected in 13.3% of the examined liver and lung samples, and 16.66% of examined meat samples; with mean values of 1.7x10, 1.3x10, and 1.5x10 CFU/g, respectively. The obtained results indicated that fresh mutton and edible offals may pose a risk to consumer's health in the absence of food safety knowledge and hygiene application, therefore, strict hygienic measures and authority inspection is strongly recommended Bacteriological quality Sheep carcass Private Slaughterhouse