Öz: Uygarlık tarihinin dönüm noktasında, yazının icadı ile birlikte devletin ayrılmaz bir parçası olarak eğitim sisteminin de ortaya çıktığı anlaşılmaktadır. Mezopotamya ve Mısır gibi Tunç Çağının en önemli uygarlıklarının iki bin yıl içerisinde eğitim kurumlarının gelişme gösterdiği arkeolojik verilerle de ispatlanmıştır. Yunan Uygarlığının kültürel, sanatsal ve toplumsal açıdan gelişiminde başlangıcından itibaren ilişki içerisinde olduğu Doğu kültürlerinin etkisi olduğu alfabesinin yanında eğitim sistemi ve kurumlarının da model aldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Yunan eğitim sisteminin temeli Doğu kültürlerine dayansa da uygulamada kendine özgü biçimlendirmesi etkileri günümüze kadar gelen eğitim sisteminin kurulmasını sağlamıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda Yunan eğitim sisteminin başlangıcından Hellenistik Dönem'e kadar olan süreçteki gelişmeleri, eğitimin amacı, biçimi ve eğitim kurumları değerlendirilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sümer, Babil, Edubba, Antik Yunan, Eğitim, Paideia, Akademia, Homeros, Platon, Aristoteles The Emergence of Education System and the Fundamentals of Ancient Greek Education SystemAbstract: The education system had been started as an integral part of the state in the same period with was discovered of the writting in the beginning of civilizations. It has been proved by archaeological evidences which the educational system of the most important civilizations of the Bronze Age just like Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt had been seem developing for two thousand years. The Greek civilization had been modeled the educational system and institutes as well as cultures and alphabets of the Ancient Eastern Civilizations. Although the foundation of the Greek educational systam on Eastern Cultures, in practise it was based upon effects of making their own training system and this system has effected the training system up to date. Therefore, in this article, the Greek education system is evaluated by the developments, the purpose of edcation, the format in the process until the beginnig of the Hellenistic Period that specified under the titles including educational institutions.
Parthenios (Bartın Çayı) nehri antik Dönemde Paphlagonia ile Bithynia Bölgeleri arasında doğal bir sınır oluşturmaktave M.Ö.8.yüzyıldan itibaren antik kaynaklarda isminden sıklıkla bahsedilmektedir. Hellenisik ve Roma Dönemlerinde bölgenin yönetim merkezi olan Amastris kentinin sikkeleri üzerinde Parthenios nehrini simgeleyen betimlemeler, iç bölgelerden Karadeniz'e taşımacılık konusunda önem kazandığını vurgulamaktadır. Roma Dönemi'ne ait mil taşları üzerinde Parthenius olarak ismi geçen ve Erken Bizans döneminde PartheniaKome olarak belirtilen yerleşimin Parthenios nehri ile ilişkili olduğu bu çalışmada, ilk olarakParthenios nehrinin isim kaynağı, ikinci olarak Parthenius ya da PartheniaKome yerleşiminin varlığı kanıtlanmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Amazonlar hakk~nda bilgiler, ilk olarak antik dönem metinlerinde ve sanat eserlerinde kar~~m~za ç~kmaktad~r. Yunan tarihinin ilk yaz~l~~ kay~tlar~~ olarak bilinen Homeros'un ~lyada's~nda, Klasik Yunan tarihçilerinden Herodotos'un tarih kitab~nda detayl~~ olarak tan~mlanan Amazonlar Roma dönemi içlerine kadar antik yazarlar taraf~ndan bahsedilerek tarihi kay~tlarda oldukça fazla izler b~rakm~~t~r. Sava~ç~~ kad~n anlam~nda bir tabir olarak Amazonlar"~n günümüzde dahi yans~malar~~ sürmektedir.
The existence of the ruling cult is questioned on the basis of coins which are the most important evidence of the founding periods of Amastris, which was rebuilt by a queen in the Hellenistic Period in Paphlagonia Region and named after her. The head dressed in tiara on the front of Amastris coins depicts the queen herself, emphasizing her religious and racial origins. The depiction of Aphrodite Anahitis / Ourania on the back represents the Greek and Macedonian aspect of the queen. The most important feature of the ruling cult is that it provides unifying power for the kingdoms to hold different peoples together. It also proves the existence of a conservative cult of the city of Amastris, where Tieion, Sesamos, Kromna and Kytoros, which the queen independently managed, are brought together. After her death, she was heroized by the people of Amastris and honored as ktistes. The Persian origin of Amastris and its involvement in the Macedonian court culture is the first and the best bassileia that bears the images of the Macedonian-Persian ruling elite that Alexander the Great tried to create.
The existence of the ruling cult is questioned on the basis of coins which are the most important evidence of the founding periods of Amastris, which was rebuilt by a queen in the Hellenistic Period in Paphlagonia Region and named after her. The head dressed in tiara on the front of Amastris coins depicts the queen herself, emphasizing her religious and racial origins. The depiction of Aphrodite Anahitis / Ourania on the back represents the Greek and Macedonian aspect of the queen. The most important feature of the ruling cult is that it provides unifying power for the kingdoms to hold different peoples together. It also proves the existence of a conservative cult of the city of Amastris, where Tieion, Sesamos, Kromna and Kytoros, which the queen independently managed, are brought together. After her death, she was heroized by the people of Amastris and honored as ktistes. The Persian origin of Amastris and its involvement in the Macedonian court culture is the first and the best bassileia that bears the images of the Macedonian-Persian ruling elite that Alexander the Great tried to create.
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