Background/purpose Monitoring the effects of different caries-preventive agents on initial caries lesions in orthodontic patients is important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of different preventive methods in preventing occlusal and proximal incipient lesions (ILs) during fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods Forty-eight subjects at the beginning of fixed orthodontic treatment were included. All subjects were well educated and motivated to use the fluoride toothpaste (Colgate Total, 1450 ppm F) three times a day during the study period. Four different groups were created with a split-mouth design: placebo, fluoride gel, fluoride varnish, and chlorhexidine varnish. The occlusal surfaces of the second molar teeth were assessed with DIAGNOdent pen (DD) during the first 12 months (6th and 12th), and the proximal surfaces of each quadrant were monitored using bitewing radiographs until the 24th month (baseline and 24th month). Results The mean DD values increased in each group during the first 6 months compared to the baseline, but a significant increment was only obtained in the control and fluoride gel groups (p < 0.05). Fluoride and chlorhexidine varnish had significantly more preventive effects than the control and the fluoride gel for occlusal surfaces at the 6th and 12th month and for intact proximal surfaces at the 24th month, but no significant differences were found between the two varnish groups (p > 0.05). No significant differences were found between the four methods in terms of caries progression for proximal ILs after 24 months. Conclusion Effective toothbrushing with 1450 ppm fluoridated toothpaste and topical fluoride gel application seems to be inadequate for prevention of new proximal ILs during fixed orthodontic treatment. Fluoride and chlorhexidine varnish showed more protection in relation to occlusal surfaces.

Home textiles have many functions, as well as their aesthetic features for the decoration of homes, that will make people's lives more comfortable. In other words, home textile products are textiles that increase the quality of life and satisfy the daily essentials of individuals for a healthy sleep. It is observed that the home textile industry is becoming exceedingly competitive and products that provide customer satisfaction and offer quality are generally preferred in the global market. The objective of this study is to determine the thermal comfort properties of duvets by making thermal resistance measurements in home textile products and to reveal the effects of properties on sleep quality. In line with this objective, the air and heat permeability of the duvets were measured with the TOG (Thermal Overall Grade) value. As a result of the measurements, the effects of the fiber type and thickness of the filling material in the duvet layers, the fiber type and density of the fabrics and interlining on the TOG values were observed. According to the high or low TOG value, the thermal resistance properties of the duvets were determined with the effect of layer, thickness and material. As a result of this study, the fabric, interlining and filling materials in the duvet layers were standardized according to the TOG values obtained.

Aim:The effect of Significant Caries Index application on the caries risk of undergoing orthodontic treatment patients. Material and Method: Ninety subjects who were undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were evaluated for this study. All patients were treated with a 0,018 inch slot preadjusted fixed orthodontic appliances. An examiner used the Gorelick index for assessment of white spot lesion on the buccal surface of teeth before (T1) and after (T2) treatment. The WHO (World Health Organization) criteria and bitewing radiographs were utilized to diagnose the carious status of the subjects. Subjects were divided into three groups (G1,G2,G3) according to Significant Caries Index. Results: 72 patients completed study (38 female, 34 male) whose mean age 14.7±1.63 at T1. The mean DMFT index was 3.18 and the SiC was 5.00. The mean DMFT increase was found 0.14 for all subjects. The prevalence of white spot lesion is 16.6% at T1, 59.6% of patients presented white spot lesion at T2. White spot lesion incidence was found 40%. No significant differences was found between risk groups which is formed according to Significant Caries Index, in terms of DMFT increase, occurrence and severity of white spot lesion (p>0,05). Conclusion:It was found that Significant Caries Index application are not play a decisive role on the formation of white spot lesion and DMFT index change in patients with undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of fixed orthodontic treatment duration on DMFT (D: decay, F: filling and M: missing teeth) index and white spot lesion (WSL) formation.Materials and Methods: Eighty four patients (45 females and 39 males, 13-18 years old, mean age: 14.7±0.8) who were undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were invited to participate in this study. All patients were treated with a 0.018 inch slot MBT fixed orthodontic appliances. An examiner used the Gorelick index for assessment of white spot lesion (WSL) on the buccal surface of teeth before (T1) and after (T2) treatment. The World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were utilized to diagnose the carious status (DMFT) of the subjects. Subjects were divided into three groups according to treatment durations (Group A:0-18 months, Group B: between 18-30 months and Group C: more than 30 months).Results: The prevalence of WSL was 15.4% at T1 in all groups. After treatment (T2), 69% of patients presented WSL. The incidence of patients who developed at least one new WSL during fixed orthodontic treatment was 53.6%. The greatest prevalence of WSLs was found in the mandibular first molars (20.6%), followed by the maxillary lateral incisors (16.3%) and the mandibular second premolars (13.7%). There were significant differences in the prevalence of WSLs (p<0.01) and DMFT index (p<0.01) between Group C and other two groups (Group A and Group B). Conclusion:The results showed that patients whose orthodontic treatment was longer than 30 months are at higher risk for white spot formation and DMFT index. White spot lesion formation should be prevented with caries preventive applications and effective oral care support in these patients.Keywords: DMFT index, white spot lesion, orthodontic appliances ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sabit ortodontik tedavi süresinin DMFT (D: çürük, F: dolgulu ve M: eksik diş sayısı) indeksi ve beyaz nokta lezyonu oluşum sıklığı üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Sabit ortodontik tedavi gören 84 birey (45 kız, 38 erkek, 13-18 yaş, ortalama yaş 14.7±0.8) bu çalışma kapsamında değerlendirildi. Bütün hastalar 0,018 inç slot MBT sabit ortodontik apareyler ile tedavi edildi. Bireyler tedavi başlangıcında (T1) ve tedavi bitiminde (T2) bir araştırmacı tarafından beyaz nokta lezyonu (BNL) görülme sıklığının tespiti amacıyla Gorelick indeksine göre klinikte muayene edildi. DMFT indeksi değerlendirmesinde klinik muayenede Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) kriterleri kullanıldı. Bireyler sabit ortodontik tedavi görme sürelerine göre (Grup A: 0-18 ay, Grup B:18-30 ay ve Grup C: >30 ay) üç alt gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: 84 bireyde T1' de BNL görülme sıklığı % 15.4 iken, T2' de % 69.0' a yükseldiği ve insidans hızının % 53.6 olduğu bulundu. Yeni oluşan lezyonların en çok alt birinci büyük azı dişlerinde (% 20.6) oluştuğu, bunu üst lateral dişler (% 16.3) ve alt ikinci küçük azı dişlerin (% 13.7) takip ettiği görüldü. T2 sonuçlarına göre; Grup C ve diğer iki grup arasında (Grup A ve Grup B) DMFT ortalaması ...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on DMFT index and white spot lesion formation. Materials and Methods: Fifty six patients (Group A: 26 subjects; Group B: 30 subjects) who were undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were invited to participate in this study. All patients in Group B were treated with a 0.018 inch slot preadjusted fixed orthodontic appliances. An examiner used the Gorelick index for assessment of white spot lesion (WSL) on the buccal surface of teeth before (T1) and after (T2) treatment. The DMFT index value was recorded for each subject at T1 and T2. The WHO (World Health Organization) criteria and bitewing radiographs were utilized to diagnose the carious status of the subjects. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the groups. Results: No differences was found between the groups in terms of increased DMFT. On the other hand, The mean increase in WSL percentage in Group B (%66,6) and Group A (%26,9), respectively (p=0,000). In Group B, gender not significantly related to the DMFT index and development of new WSL. The greatest prevalence of WSLs was found in the mandibular first molars (%28,8), followed by the mandibular second premolars (%23,2) and the maxillary lateral incisors (%19,2). Conclusions: A more effective oral care support should be provided to subjects and caries preventive procedures (fluor therapy) should be done.