Angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a host receptor for severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Inhibiting
the interaction between the envelope spike glycoproteins (S-proteins)
of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 is a potential antiviral therapeutic approach,
but little is known about how dietary compounds interact with ACE2.
The objective of this study was to determine if flavonoids and other
polyphenols with B-ring 3′,4′-hydroxylation inhibit
recombinant human (rh)ACE2 activity. rhACE2 activity was assessed
with the fluorogenic substrate Mca-APK(Dnp). Polyphenols reduced rhACE2
activity by 15–66% at 10 μM. Rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, tamarixetin, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic
acid inhibited rhACE2 activity by 42–48%. Quercetin was the
most potent rhACE2 inhibitor among the polyphenols tested, with an
IC50 of 4.48 μM. Thus, quercetin, its metabolites,
and polyphenols with 3′,4′-hydroxylation inhibited rhACE2
activity at physiologically relevant concentrations in vitro.
Plants of the genus Brassica occupy the top place among vegetables in the world. This genus, which contains a group of six related species of a global economic significance, three of which are diploid: Brassica nigra (L.) K. Koch, Brassica oleracea L., and Brassica rapa L. and three are amphidiploid species: Brassica carinata A. Braun, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern., and Brassica napus L. These varieties are divided into oily, fodder, spice,
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