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Hamamayagi thermal spring (HTS) is located along the North Anatolian Fault Zone. The thermal spring has a temperature of 36°C, with total dissolved solids ranging from 485.6 to 508.5 mg/L. Hard, brittle, and gray limestones Permian aged are the reservoir rocks of the HTS. d 18 O-d 2 H isotope ratios clearly indicate a meteoric origin for the waters. The d 34 S value of sulfate in the thermal water is nearly 4.1% and implies a diagenetic environment characterized by reduced sulfur compounds. The d 13 C ratio for dissolved inorganic carbonate in the HTS lies between -1.78 and -1.62%, showing that it originates from the dissolution of fresh-water carbonates. Quartz geothermometry suggests a reservoir temperature of 52-85°C for the Hamamayagi geothermal field, but chalcedony geothermometers suggest reservoir temperatures between 30 and 53°C.

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