Objective: This study evaluated the prevalence and morphologic characteristics of ponticulus posticus (PP) by using cervical 3-dimensional (3-D) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan images. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted by selecting cervical 3-D CBCT images of 698 patients, which were examined for the presence and types of PP. Results: In 257 patients, 438 PPs, complete or partial, bilateral or unilateral, were identified on the 698 cervical 3-D CBCT scans; therefore, the prevalence was 36.8%. Bilateral complete PP and partial PP were observed in 6.3% and 16.2% of subjects, respectively. There was a significant difference in the prevalence between males and females (P = .001) and between the right and left sides between males and females, but not between age groups. Conclusion: Ponticulus posticus is a relatively common anomaly in this Turkish sample, which may have implications for those who perform clinical procedures on the upper cervical spine.

Knowledge of the different anatomical variations in root canal system of dedicious dentition will improve the practice of the pediatric dentists. The teeth with C-shaped root canal configurations are definitely a problem in endodontic treatment. Dentists who are specialists of endodontics must have adequate knowledge about various root canal morphologies of primary tooth that have a tendency for rapid progression of dental caries to achieve a technically satisfactory outcome. This report presents an extraordinary case of unusual tooth morphology involving the mandibular first primary molar with a C-shaped configuration which has not yet been reported.

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an uncommon autosomal dominant inherited disorder which comprises the triad of basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), odontogenic keratocysts, and musculoskeletal malformations. Besides this triad, neurological, ophthalmic, endocrine, and genital manifestations are known to be variable. It is occasionally associated with aggressive BCC and internal malignancies. This report documents a case of GGS with a novel mutation in the PTCH1 gene in an 11-year-old child. The clinical, radiographic, histopathologic and molecular findings of this condition, and treatment are described, and a review of GGS was carried out.

Objective: The applications of artificial intelligence in the field of medicine are progressing at a remarkable speed. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to make a detailed examination of the studies published on diabetes and artificial intelligence, to determine any trends in these studies over time, to examine which subjects have been researched more and to explain the global interest in the subject.Material and Methods: In this study, 2534 studies published between 1985 and 2020 in the field of diabetes and artificial intelligence were analyzed using the R programming language through bibliometric data obtained from the Scopus database. Correlation analysis, ANOVA and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship between the number of articles and years.Results: According to the analysis results, the number of publications between 1985 and 2015 was 604 and over the last 5 years, the number of publications have tripled to 1930. It was found that the country with the highest number of publications with 358 publications and 10426 citations was the United States of America (USA). Moreover, in the analyzed studies, the most used keywords and the use of these words together was also examined and the top 10 source platforms where the studies were published most have been presented in the study. According to regression analysis, it can be predicted that the number of articles to be published for 2021 is 242.

Objective: Chronic postoperative pain (CPOP) adversely affects the quality of patients' lives and cause medical and legal problems and economic loss, due to workforce loss. There is no research showing the incidence of CPOP in Turkey. The aim of this study was to find the most prominent factor in the development of CPOP in patients who underwent any kind of surgical procedure. Method: Patients (165 women and 146 men) who were operated on in five hospitals were included in the study. A patient data sheet and follow-up form were prepared. All patients were followed up for 2 months by telephone calls and asked about their pain scores. When patients reported pain in 2nd month after their operation, they received re-evaluation and consultation from the pain department. Results: Sixty-seven patients complained of prolonged pain at the site of surgery 2 months after their surgery, and 46 of these patients (14.8%) were diagnosed with CPOP. The presence of CPOP was statistically significant when patients were grouped in age groups of 18-45 years (A) and older than 45 years (B). A statistically significant relationship was found between CPOP diagnosis and ASA scores. According to the results, older age (>45 years) and an ASA score of 3 play major roles in the development of CPOP. Conclusion: Contrary to previous literature, this study found that factors such as socioeconomic status, type and extent of surgery, geographical region, body mass index, gender, previous experience of pain, drug use and the presence of some neuropathy-related chronic diseases had no effect on the potential development of CPOP. However, ASA scores and age played major roles in the development of CPOP.Keywords: Postoperative chronic pain, age, ASA scores, predictive factors ÖZ Amaç: Ameliyat Sonrası Kronik Ağrı (ASK) hastaların yaşam kalitesine olumsuz etkilerinin yanı sıra tıbbi ve hukuki sorunlara neden olur ve işgücü kaybı nedeniyle ekonomik kayıpları doğurur. Türkiye'de ASK insidansını gösteren herhangi bir araştırma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, her türlü cerrahi girişimden geçecek olan hastaların ASK gelişiminde en belirgin faktörü bulmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya, beş hastanede ameliyat edilen hastalar (165 kadın, 146 erkek) dahil edilmiştir. Hasta veri kayıt ve takip formu hazırlanmıştır. Tüm hastalar ağrı skorlarının sorulduğu telefon görüşmeleri ile 2 ay takip edilmiştir. İkinci ayda hastalardan ağrısı olduğunu bildirenler, ağrı bölümü tarafından yeniden değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Bulgular: Altmış yedi olgu, cerrahiden iki ay sonra cerrahi müdahale yapılan bölgede uzun süreli ağrı yakınmasında bulunmuş ve 46 hastada ASK tanısı konulmuştur (% 14,8). Olgular, 18-45 yaş (A) ve 45 yaşından büyük (B) olarak gruplandırıldığında, ASK'ın varlığı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. ASK ve ASA skoru arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, 45 yaş üstü ve ASA skoru 3 olan hastalarda ASK oranı daha yüksektir. Sonuç: Literatürün aksine, sosyo-ekonomik durum, ameliyat tipi ve derecesi,...