Some new an aqueous polyurethane acrylate (waterborne binder) based on polyethylene glycol with different M. wt. mixed with polyol were carried out. Seven different polyurethane acrylate co-polymers were prepared aiming at substituting the two hydroxyl groups of polyethylene glycol (6000, 12,000 and 20,000 g/mol) and two primary hydroxyl groups of polyol through their reaction with corresponding calculated amounts of either isophorone diisoyanate or toluene diisocyanate and caped the remaining isocyanate group with either hydroxy ethyl acrylate or hydroxy propyl methacrylate to get on the polyurethane acrylate polymers [PUA]. From DSC measurement the result of Tg of synthesized PUA are in range from −8.78˚C to 36.4˚C. So they can classify as soft binders. The infrared spectra, rheological properties, viscosity measurement, the weight average molecular weight, of the synthesize binders were investigated.

Use of the synthesized aqueous polyurethane acrylate (no volatile organic compound emission) binders 1-7, in pigment printing of cotton fabrics using silk screen technique. FT-IR spectra of binders via UV curing show the disappearance of ast C=C and δ: =C-H absorption bands from the spectra chart of cured, which proofed the occurrence of cross lin king reaction via terminal free acry late double bond. Co lor strength of printed fabrics depends on binders' type and concentration as well as the fixat ion temperature. The K/S values at lo wer fixat ion temperatures on using the prepared binders in the printing paste are better than the K/S of fabric printed with paste including the commercial binder at the same condition ( saving energy& money). The fastness properties of the printed samples depend on the type of binder used. The washing and perspiration ranged fro m good to excellent for all printed samp les. Slightly enhancement in K/S values of printed cotton fabric with increase the concentration of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate binders was noticed. The presence of 1% concentration of polyurethane acrylate binders (1-7) in the cotton pigment printing paste, and either UV curing or microwave cured for 3 min. could be considered as optimu m conditions. Improved rubbing fastness results for all the printed samples using the synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders in printed paste and UV cured are noticed as compared to those obtained by the traditional thermal cu ring technique. The results show that these binders can be used safely in preparing printing paste for printing cotton fabrics using pigment dyes.

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The current study concerns the valorization of waste rice hulls into value-added materials. To achieve this goal, first, the extraction route of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) from rice hulls using citric acid as a carbon template was compared with that prepared by conventional methods of incineration only. Both routes were performed at different temperatures of 600 and 700°C, and the fabricated SiO2NPs were studied by N2 physisorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. The results show the influence of both routes and temperature on the porous structure, surface area, and charge of as-fabricated SiO2NPs. Furthermore, the physico-chemical features of as-prepared mesoporous SiO2NPs were utilized, in a facile and green way, to prepare silver NPs with high anti-microbial activity. The results were validated by the tools of UV-visible, FTIR, XRD, and XPS spectroscopy. Finally, the fabricated silver-doped mesoporous SiO2NPs were used as auxiliary additives through one-pot printing of different types of fabric (i.e., polyester (synthetic fabric), cotton (natural fabric), and cotton/polyester (blended fabric)). The EDX mapping of the pigment-printed fabrics with Ag-doped SiO2NPs exhibited the homogeneous distribution of Ag and Si atoms together with C and O throughout the fabric matrix. Interestingly, the pigment-printed fabrics with Ag-doped SiO2NPs demonstrated superior antibacterial activity, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF), and color characteristics in comparison to the conventional dyeing component. Graphical Abstract

The reaction of cyanoethyl cellulose with para-bromo diazonium chloride resulted in the creation of a novel bromo-containing cellulosic (MCPT). The dispersion stability of MCPT has been improved by its dispersion into 1% waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA). TEM, particle size, and zeta potential were used to track the dispersion stability of aqueous MCPT and MCPT in 1% WPUA and particle size. The prepared MCPT has been utilized as a unique green colorant (dye) for the printing of cotton, polyester, and cotton/polyester blend fabrics using a silkscreen printing technique through a single printing step and one color system. Color improvement has been achieved by printing different fabrics with a printing paste of MCPT dispersed in 1% WPUA. The MCPT and MCPT in 1% WPUA printed fabrics were evaluated for rubbing, light, washing, and perspiration fastness, UV blocking activity, and antibacterial activity. These findings were established through structural optimization at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31 (G) level and simulations involving several proteins.