Aim: The recognition of the scapula anatomy and visible variations is important in surgical treatments and arthroscopic procedures in case of any diseases of the shoulder. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of the scapular notch on the superor margin are very important. Because, compression of the suprascapular nerve extending inside the scapular notch causes entrapment neuropathy. Therefore, the present study was planned in order to contribute to us as well as practitioners about morphometric and morphological characteristics of the superior margin of the scapula. Materials and Methods: Morphometric measurements (SL: scapule length; SW: scapule width; SI: scapula index; STD: superior transverse diameter of the scapular notch; MTD: medial transverse diameter of the scapular notch; VD: vertical diameter) were performed on 90 (50 left; 40 right) scapulae of Turkish population without uknown age and gender. Furthermore, the superior scapular margin and the scapular notch were categorized through observational classification as well as measurement. Results: The mean scapular width was detected 98.87±7.71 mm on the right and 94.38±13.01 mm on the left. The scapula index was measured 67.51±4.40 mm on the right and 63.80±8.29 mm on the left. The SL, STD and VT was larger on the left; the SW, SI and MTD were larger on the right. The difference between right and left for the SW and SI measurements was statistically significant (pMTD (%48.9). The most common superior margin type was moderately oblique (41.1%). Conclusion: We believe that the data obtained would be helpful for orthopedic surgeons in intramedullary nailing and radiologists in the differential diagnosis of some osteolytic lesions in that region. Furthermore, scapula measurements would help to identify the gender and race in forensic medicine and antropology.

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the total phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Castanea sativa Mill. (chestnut) leaf extract and their anti-proliferative effect on MCF 7 cell line. Materials and Methods: It determined antioxidant capacities by using DPPH assay, total phenolic content by using Folin-Ciocaltaeu method and Total flavonoid content by aluminum chloride colorimetric method in the ethanolic extracts of Chesnut leaf. In addition, the anti-proliferative effect of chestnut leaf extract was determined by XTT method in MCF7 breast cell line. The leaf extract used was applied at different concentrations for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours and the results were evaluated with the Graphpad Prism software program. Results: In this study, it was revealed that the total phenolic contents of ethanolic extracts of chestnut leaf 58,22 mg GAE/g. Total flavonoid content was 64,62 mg QE/g. The DPPH activity of the leaf extract of chestnut was 80.06%. Moreover, findings showed that Chestnut leaf extract had cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cells depends on concentration and time. The 24h, 48h and 72h most effective IC50 dose were 100.1 μL ,193 μL 15.23 μL, respectively. Conclusion: Chestnut has potential antiproliferative and antioxidant activities in conjunction with its high phenolic and flavonoid content on the MCF-7 cell line. However, more studies are needed.