Fenomena keluarga suami-istri bekerja dapat menyebabkan perubahan dukungan sosial dan interaksi keluarga sehingga memengaruhi kualitas perkawinan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh dukungan sosial dan interaksi keluarga terhadap kualitas perkawinan pada keluarga dengan suami istri bekerja. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah istri yang bekerja sebagai PNS (Pegawai Negeri Sipil) di Pemerintah Kota Bogor dan memiliki anak usia sekolah (6-12 tahun) serta bersedia untuk dijadikan responden, dengan jumlah 60 istri bekerja. Responden dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari setengah istri menerima dukungan sosial tinggi dari keluarga luas dan tetangga. Istri mendapatkan dukungan emosional yang optimal dari keluarga luas. Interaksi keluarga yang mencakup interaksi suami-istri dan ibu-anak menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh keluarga mempunyai interaksi yang cukup baik. Proporsi terbesar yaitu dua pertiga istri merasa interaksi ibu-anak berada pada kategori tinggi sedangkan proporsi terbesar istri menilai interaksi suami-istri berada pada kategori sedang. Sementara itu, kualitas perkawinan yang dilihat dari dimensi kebahagiaan dan kepuasan menunjukkan bahwa proporsi terbesar istri merasa kualitas perkawinan tinggi. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa faktor yang paling berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas perkawinan pada keluarga dengan suami istri bekerja adalah interaksi keluarga. Kata kunci: dukungan sosial, interaksi keluarga, kualitas perkawinan, keluarga suami istri bekerja

Single parent status in Indonesia is usually caused by two conditions, that are caused by divorce orwidowed/widower. Single parents who were involved in this research were single mothers caused by divorce.The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of single-parent family characteristics, stress levels, andcoping strategies on subjective well-being. Respondents were 40 single mothers in Cilendek Barat and SindangBarang village, Bogor Barat Sub district and Kebon Pedes and Tanah Sareal village, Tanah Sareal Sub district,Bogor City that were selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews with mothers usingquestionnaires. The results showed that the cause of stress (stressor) with the highest average index was therelationship with children. Factors that become stressors of the low of the relationship between parents andchildren, were difficulties in managing children behavior, fighting among sibling, children disciplinary, difficulties incaring of children, and difficulties in getting satisfaction from children. The signs of stress both the physical ormentally experience of a single mother was still relatively low. Coping strategies were in a low category andsingle mothers more often did coping strategies that focus on emotions. The results of the study found that almostall single mothers had subjective well-being in the low category. Factors that had significant negative effect on thesubjective well-being of single mothers were family size and stress. Thence, programs that can help singlemothers in managing stress well will be very useful for optimizing subjective well-being.

AbstrakKeluarga menikah usia muda adalah susunan orang-orang yang disatukan oleh ikatan perkawinan darah atau adopsi, terdiri dari suami, istri, dan anak-anak serta anggota keluarga lainnya yang mana suami atau istri tersebut menikah di bawah usia 20 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh tekanan ekonomi dan strategi koping terhadap ketahanan keluarga yang suami atau istri atau keduanya berusia di bawah 20 tahun ketika menikah. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Cihideung Udik dan Desa Tegal Waru, Kecamatan Ciampea, Kabupaten Bogor. Contoh penelitian adalah keluarga yang suami atau istri atau keduanya menikah di bawah usia 20 tahun dan memiliki anak usia 0-6 tahuPn. Penelitian ini melibatkan 70 responden ibu dari keluarga contoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekanan ekonomi keluarga termasuk kategori sedang, strategi koping keluarga tergolong kategori rendah, dan ketahanan keluarga tergolong sedang. Faktor yang memengaruhi ketahanan keluarga adalah jumlah anggota keluarga, lama menikah, dan tekanan ekonomi. Sementara itu, jumlah anggota keluarga dan lama menikah berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga dan tekanan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap ketahanan keluarga. Penelitian selanjutnya diharapkan melibatkan suami sebagai responden dan melibatka lebih banyak variabel untuk menjelaskan secara empiris kehidupan keluarga menikah usia muda seperti manajemen sumber daya keluarga, penyesuaian keluarga, keintiman dari pasangan suami istri, dan perkembangan anak dari pasangan muda.Kata kunci: keluarga menikah usia muda, ketahanan keluarga, strategi koping, tekanan ekonomi Economic Pressure, Coping Strategy, and Family Strength in Early Marriage Family AbstractEarly marriage family refer to united people by blood or adoption, consisting of husband, wife, children and other family members in which one of husband or wife or both of them are married under 20 years old. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation and the influence of economic pressure and coping strategy on family strength among early marriage family. The study was conducted in the Cihideung Udik village and Tegal Waru village, Ciampea Sub District, Bogor Distr. The samples of this research were families who the husband or wife or both were under 20 years old when they were married and had children who aged 0-6 years old. There were 70 mothers of sample families as respondents. This research showed that the family economic pressures were in the the medium category, family coping strategies were in the low category, and family strength were in the medium category. Family strength affected by length of marriage, number of family member, and economic pressure. Moreover, the number of family members and length of marriage had a significant positive influence on family strength. On the other hand, economic pressures had a significant negative influence on family strength. Further research is expected to involve husband in interviews and to involve some variables that can give a comprehensive...

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik sebelum menikah, karakteristik keluarga, tugas perkembangan keluarga terhadap kepuasan pernikahan. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dan retrospective studies. Pemilihan tempat penelitian di pilih secara purposive, yaitu di Kabupaten Bogor. Lokasi penelitian di empat desa, yaitu Desa Cibatok 2, Desa Ciaruteun Udik, Desa Cibatok 1, dan Desa Cimanggu 2 Kecamatan Cibungbulang, Kabupaten Bogor. Contoh dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga utuh yang menikah usia muda (istri berusia dibawah 19 tahun dan usia suami dibawah 25 tahun) dengan lama pernikahan maksimal lima tahun serta memiliki anak pertama usia prasekolah (2,5-5 tahun).Teknik penarikan contoh menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Jumlah contoh yang diambil untuk penelitian ini sebanyak 60 orang. Responden pada penelitian ini adalah istri. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menemukan tugas perkembangan keluarga termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan kepuasan pernikahan istri rata-ratanya rendah. Hasil uji pengaruh menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik keluarga (lama menikah, pendapatan per kapita, usia istri) memiliki pengaruh langsung positif signifikan terhadap tugas perkembangan keluarga. Tugas perkembangan keluarga memiliki pengaruh langsung positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan pernikahan. Sementara itu, karakteristik keluarga (lama menikah, pendapatan per kapita, usia istri) memiliki pengaruh tidak langsung positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan pernikahan.Kata Kunci: kepuasan pernikahan, pernikahan muda, tugas perkembangan keluarga FAMILY DEVELOPMENT TASK AND THE SATISFACTION OF MARRIAGE IN EARLY MARRIAGE COUPLE AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the effect of characteristics before married, family characteristics, family development task toward marital satisfaction. The study using designs a cross-sectional study and retrospective study. Location of the research was selected purposively in Cibatok Village 2, Ciaruteun Udik Village, Cibatok 1 Village and Cimanggu 2 Village, District Cibungbulang, Bogor. Sample of this research were intact families who marry at the early age (the wife age's under 19 years old and husband's age under 25 years old) with max five years length of marriage and first child. Respondents in this study were mothers with sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total of 60 people. Data were collected through interviews with using a questionnaire. Family development task in the medium category, and wife's marital satisfaction in the low average. The results showed that the effect of family characteristics (long married, the income capita, age of wife) has a significant positive direct effect to family development tasks. Family development tasks has a significant positive direct effect to marital satisfaction. The family characteristics (long married, the income capita, age of wife) has a significant positive indirect effect to marital satisfaction.

Parental involvement in education is essential, especially for children with special needs and the existence of inclusive schools supports children's education fairly so that inclusive education services need to prioritize services to achieve parental satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze parental satisfaction with inclusive education services and their relationship to parental involvement. This research was conducted in one of the inclusive schools in East Jakarta. Samples in this study are mothers and fathers from intact families with children with special needs who attend inclusive schools with purposive sampling technique with as many as 30 married couples. The results show a significant positive relationship between the variables of mother's satisfaction with father's satisfaction and father's engagement with father's satisfaction. Moreover, mother’s engagement was significantly related to mother’s education, while mother’s satisfaction positively correlated with mother’s age. A significant negative relationship was found between mother's satisfaction and father's education; father's engagement with child's age and length of getting inclusive services. The effect test found that the father's satisfaction was significantly affected by father's involvement and mother's satisfaction, while mother’s satisfaction was significantly affected by mother’s age and father's satisfaction. Inclusive schools need to provide optimal services and involve parents in schools to feel satisfied.