In this contribution, we performed cytotoxicity screening of 51 extracts from 17 plant species, representing 14 families growing in Turkey. Cytotoxic activities of the dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of the plants were investigated against the renal (A498 and U031) cancer cell lines. 28 extracts exhibited more than 50% growth inhibition at a 25 ug/mL concentration on both renal cancer A498 and UO31 cell lines. The extracts showed higher activity against UO31 cells than A498 cells. The dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Scabiosa columbaria ssp. columbaria showed the highest cytotoxic activity with 64% inhibition at a 25 ug/mL concentration on the renal cancer UO31 cell line. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of Epilobium minutiflorum showed the highest cytotoxic activity with 63% inhibition at a 25 ug/mL concentration on the renal cancer A498 cell line.