This study focuses on the root anatomical characteristics of the taxa of the genus Grammosciadium. Samples collected from plants gathered in 41 different localities in Turkey were studied. The results show that the general structure of the roots includes protective tissue (periderm), cortex and vascular tissue respectively from the outermost layer. The roots of G. subg. Grammosciadium include regularly arranged fibres within the protective tissue. Moreover, the existence, arrangement and density of the polyhedral sclereids just under the phellogen of the roots of G. subg. Caropodium reveal as remarkable characters. Among them, the density of all these sclerenchymatous layers is a diagnostic character for the taxa of the genus. This study remarks the importance of root anatomical characters in taxonomy of Grammosciadium.

Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. bilgilii and Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. sivasicum from Turkey are herein described as two new subspecies, and the species Grammosciadium schischkinii is synonymied under Grammosciadium pterocarpum subsp. pterocarpum. Quantitative variation of morphological and anatomical characters have been analysed to provide discriminative characters between the taxa of section Stenodiptera and to provide a key to the species. The taxonomic status of the taxa has been discussed in light of these morphological and fruit anatomical data using multivariate statistics such as MANOVA and Principal Component Analysis. The results are also used to present a critical discussion of characters used to distinguish and determine different taxa within Grammosciadium. MANOVA showed that ten characters, except stylopodium and style length, differed significantly among the taxa, and the results were confirmed by Tukey tests and PCA analysis (except the character of fruit number). However, only ranges of the characters of sepal length, fruit length, fruit width, fruit width/wing width ratio, and width of fruit wing are not overlapped. Qualitative characters of petiolate stipular segments of lower leaves and presence of funicular oil ducts in transvers section of mericarps were found as diagnostic characters.

This study includes the anatomical characters of the vegetative organs (stems, leaf sheats and leaf segments) of the genera Grammosciadium, Caropodium and Vinogradovia. All samples, collected from different localities in Turkey, were sectioned from the same part of the corresponding tissue. The results show that, although those three genera are closely related based on the studied characters, several features (such as the wing appearance, the presence of sclerenchyma above floem and the collenchyma under the epidermal layer of the stems) are the most prominent characters for genera differentiation. Similarly, the leaf sheath and leaf segments shown anatomical similarities, but they display remarkable differences in size that help to distinguish among genera.

Amaç: Okul temelli çocuk koruma eğitim programlarının çocuk cinsel istismarını önlemedeki etkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Derleme PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) bildirgesine ve dahil etme ve dışlanma kriterleri PICOS yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Tarama Ekim 2014-Aralık 2020 tarih aralığında, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, CINAHL, Scopus veri tabanlarında yapılmıştır. Çalışmaların yanlılık riski Cochrane kritik değerlendirme aracı (ROB 2) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Okul temelli eğitim programlarının çocuk istismarını önlemede etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar: Tüm çalışmalar çocuk istismarını önlemede, çocukların bilgi ve farkındalıklarını artırmada; uzun dönem eğitim verilen çalışmalar, çocukların davranış becerilerini geliştirmede okul temelli eğitim programlarının etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Çocuklar ile çalışan sağlık profesyonelleri ve okul sağlığı hemşireleri çocuk cinsel istismarını önlemeye yönelik çocuk koruma eğitim programları hazırlayabilir, düzenli olarak uygulayabilir ve bu programların uygulanmasında liderlik yapabilir.

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the healthy lifestyle behaviors of Vocational and Technical Anatolian high school (VTAHS) health services students. Method: The research is of descriptive type and was conducted in all schools of a province that have health services in VTAHS. The sample consisted of 681 students attending the 11th grade. Data were collected with a personal information form and Adolescent Lifestyle Profile (ALP) scale. T-Test in Independent Groups, Mann-Whitney U Test, One-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis were used in the analysis of the data. Bonferroni was used in the post hoc analysis. Results: The mean age of the students participating in the study was 16.73± 0.52, 74.6% were female, 9.8% were overweight, and 6.2% were obese. While the lowest mean score was observed in the subgroup of health responsibility (2.10±0.48), the highest mean score (3.14±0.51) was observed in the interpersonal relations subgroup. Being a woman, living in a town, having a broken family member, studying in the midwife assistant department, not staying with the family, not working, having bad family or friend relations, having a diagnosis of illness, having a bad perception of health status, not having a normal weight BMI was at a disadvantage in terms of ALP scale scores. Conclusion and Suggestions: Some features were found to be effective in ALP scale scores. These students, who are on the way to become the health personnel of the future, should be made aware of healthy lifestyle behaviors and interventional studies should be carried out to develop these behaviors.