Seasonal flu or influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by Influenza virus A and B. The disease is usually self-limiting, but can occasionally lead to dire complications. To prevent the occurrence of these complications, many preventive, as well as therapeutic remedies, have been implicated. Vaccines have shown to reduce morbidity associated with influenza viral infection. In addition to this, if an infection does occur, it may lead to adversities, especially in patients with extremes of ages, i.e., less than 12 and more than 65. The advent of anti-viral medications has helped in a significant reduction in the symptoms associated with this disease. But, as resistance to these chemicals has emerged, this is now contributing to the widespread endemics and pandemics. With this understanding, newer and better drugs are being introduced in the market. One such medication is Baloxavir, a modified version of the novel anti-viral drugs. We conducted a thorough electronic data search on PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles were filtered using the exclusion criteria of, “co-morbid conditions,” immunodeficiency state,” “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,” etc. The extracted articles were within a five-year time frame and were free full text. Further information was extracted using cross-references. Articles were screened for duplication. In this literature review, we describe in detail the advantages of Baloxavir to reduce the morbidity associated with Influenza infection.

Hepatis C infection is a common health problem world wide and is the major cause of chronic liver disease in Pakistan. Common complications of chronic hepatitis c infection are cirrhosis, ascities and hepatocellular carcinoma. Also HCV infection is associated with several extra hepatic manifestations including interstitial lung fibrosis. It has been found that frequency of pulmonary fibrosis is increased in patients with cirrhosis of liver as the stage of cirrhosis advances.This lung fibrosis can cause restrictive pattern of pulmonary function tests. This study was conducted to determine frequency of restrictive pulmonary function in patients with different stages of chronic hepatitis C  infection, based on child pough classification. Study design This is descriptive case study Method 99 patients of age range 20 to 80 year, both males and females having chronic hepatitis C infection and interferon based treatment naïve patients were included from outpatient and inpatient department were selected. Patients were divided into three groups according to child’s criteria i.e. group A, group B, and group C. Pulmonary function tests were performed on patients in all three groups to look for  FEV1/FVC ratio in all patients. FEV1/FVC ratio  more than 80 was considered as restrictive pulmonary function. Results Out of 99 patients 32(35%) were found to have restrictive pattern of pulmonary functions Conclusion Chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with restrictive pattern of pulmonary function, suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis.