Surgical interventions in the anterior region of the human mandible are associated with many complications. Some anatomical structures like the median perforating canal were discovered in mammals. Such canals may be a cause of concern that needs attention in human mandible. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence, location, and course of median perforating canal and its associated extensions in the anterior segment of the human mandible in cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT). Data were collected from 160 CBCT scans, and evaluated. The incidence was 23.75% for median perforating canal with wide anatomical variations concerning the related lingual and labial extensions. Median perforating canal and their associated lingual and labial foramina are frequently seen in human mandible. A thorough investigation of the symphyseal region using CBCT must be taken into account when targeting surgical intervention in this area.

Purpose: Surgical complications in the anterior mandible had been reported. These complications increase the interest into the content and the vascularity of the area. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used for investigating bony structures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical features of labial and mental foramina. Methods: Foramina on the outer surface of the anterior mandible were evaluated in coronal, sagittal, and axial planes of 104 CBCT scans. Results: Other than mental foramina, 184 foramina were observed in the labial surface of the mandible. The incidence of the labial foramina was 60.58%. Bilateral and unilateral accessory mental foramina were found in 28.85% of cases. Conclusion: Mandibular labial foramina are frequently seen in CBCT. Wide variations were seen in different neurovascular anatomical landmarks in the anterior mandible including accessory mental foramina. These findings should be considered when planning for anesthesia and surgery in this region.