Background: Nursing education previously had been focused on traditional learning approaches. However, today, changes and development in information and technology require the foundation of active nursing education. One of these active learning approaches is peer learning. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the peer learning model for critical thinking and self-efficacy in clinical practice education among nursing students. A quasi-experimental research design was implemented. This study was carried out in three different departments; gynecology and Pediatric departments affiliated