The Basic elements that contribute to the English proficiency are motivation and vocabulary learning strategies. Yet these two elements are generally acknowledged among language teachers and learners as an essential factor in language competence, but paid less attention in the learning process practicality. This research aimed to examine vocabulary learning strategies, integrative motivation, and vocabulary skills among university students in Batam, Indonesia. Vocabulary learning strategies and integrative motivation were independent variables, while vocabulary skills were the dependent variable. This research used quantitative approach. Two questionnaires were used to measure vocabulary learning strategies and integrative motivation, while a test was conducted to measure the level of vocabulary skills. The questionnaire and test were adapted and modified from previous studies. The validity of the data in this research has been verified by language experts and the reliability by pilot test. There were 314 samples. The research revealed the finding on the vocabulary learning strategies through integrativeness and attitudes to learning situation toward vocabulary skills. The research proposes a new model of vocabulary learning strategies through integrativeness and attitudes to learning situation toward vocabulary skills. The students with the higher strategies to expand the knowledge of new vocabulary items can ideally have higher level of integrativeness and attitudes to learning situation to achieve higher vocabulary skills. Overall as a conclusion, to master the vocabulary, leaners should focus on vocabulary learning strategies as well as integrative motivation.

This study aimed to investigate the perception of Lifelong Learning (LLL) program participants on their readiness to venture into entrepreneurship. Aspects of the level of readiness measured in this study includes; motivation, abilities knowledge and interests of the LLL program participants. The research sample consists of 235 respondents from LLL program participants. The research design was a survey using a quantitative approach that was analyzed using descriptive statistics-specifically frequency counts, percentages and mean. SPSS version 25.0 was used to analyze the data. The instrument used was a questionnaire which had a reliability coefficient of α=0.9, indicating a very high instrument reliability. Findings reveal that the level of readiness of LLL program participants in entrepreneurial knowledge was at moderate level with mean value is 3.6. Meanwhile, readiness level of LLL program participants in terms of entrepreneurial interest was at high level with mean value is 4.1. Readiness in terms of entrepreneurial motivation was at a high level with mean value is 4.2. While readiness in terms of entrepreneurial abilities was moderately high level with mean value is 3.8. Thus, the researchers hope that the results obtained can be exploited by certain parties in order to improve the readiness of lifelong learning program participants in entrepreneurship, thereby producing quality entrepreneurs who can create more jobs to reduce the problem of unemployment in Malaysia.

Nowadays, the unemployment among special needs students with learning disabilities is getting worse in Malaysia. Societies are always not confident of the employability skills of people with special needs, as the former do not believe that the latter could work efficiently. Since they are often associated with low self-confidence, the capabilities of people with special needs are often in doubt, and their self-efficacy is also open to question. Self-efficacy is included in the environmental factors that contribute to the degree of skilfulness. Therefore, this study aims to explore the level of employability skills and self-efficacy of students with learning disabilities, and determine the relationship between the two variables. This quantitative survey research was conducted at the Indahpura Special Education Vocational Secondary School, Kulai, Johor. About 60 students from four courses were recruited for the purposed of this study. An instrument was adapted with minor modifications from the Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) to study the employability skills and The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) to study the self-efficacy. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science Version 19.0 (SPSS 19) to obtain the frequency, mean, standard deviation, percentage and correlation between the variables. The results show that employability skills and self-efficacy of the students with special needs are at a moderate level. The findings of the study reveal that there is a strong positive relationship between self-efficacy and the student’s employability skills. In conclusion, special education students with learning disabilities have room for improving their employability skills, and they can do it through these avenues: attend entrepreneurship programmes, participate in community services, and undergo self-improvement courses as well as practical training in relevant agencies. Societies are duty-bound to provide continual guidance to the students with special needs so that they can be a useful, and competitive work force to serve the country.

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The growing of University is counted on the successfulness of its alumni to sail through different levels of their career. Generally, English is viewed as a subject imposed on the University curriculum for the students' future career. This study is considered as preliminary findings of English proficiency of the student worker. The primary objective is to elaborate the lecturers' and students' perceptions towards students' English proficiency. The interview and questionnaire were conducted in Batam, Indonesia. This reports the perceptions obtained from the lecturers and students based on the following themes: their general knowledge in English as foreign language subject, strength, weakness and overall achievement. There were 9 English lecturers and 39 students participated on the semi structure questionnaire based in the four universities in Batam. The research revealed various phenomena of students' weakness and strength in learning English in the context of Batam. The motivation and vocabulary are the two-major variable need more attention on the English subject among student worker.