AbstrakBiodiesel merupakan sumber bahan bakar alternatif yang bisa dihasilkan dari minyak nabati melalui transesterifikasi dengan metanol. Sawit Off-grade merupakan salah satu sumber minyak nabati yang mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan dasar produksi biodiesel. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilangsungkan dengan bantuan katalis CaO dari cangkang telur yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 900ºC selama 2 jam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memproduksi biodiesel dari minyak sawit off-grade melalui reaksi dua-tahap, melihat performa katalis Cao terhadap reaksi transesterifikasi, serta mempelajari pengaruh temperatur reaksi, rasio mol minyak:metanol dan konsentrasi katalis terhadap yield biodiesel pada reaksi transesterifikasi. Esterifikasi dilakukan pada suhu 60°C dengan perbandingan mol minyak:metanol 1:12 menggunakan 1%wt katalis H2SO4. Asam lemak bebas (ALB) tereduksi dari 16,18% menjadi 0,6%. Reaksi transesterifikasi dilakukan dengan variasi perbandingan mol minyak:metanol 1:7, 1:9, 1:11, konsentrasi katalis 2%wt, 4%wt, 6%wt, serta suhu reaksi pada 50ºC, 60ºC, 70ºC selama 2 jam. Data yang diperoleh diproses dengan menggunakan response surface methodology (RSM), sedangkan jumlah eksperimen ditentukan dengan central composite design (CCD). Yield yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 62,30%-87,41%. Yield optimum dihasilkan pada reaksi dengan suhu 70ºC menggunakan minyak:metanol dengan perbandingan 1:11 dan katalis CaO 2%wt. Kondisi proses yang berpengaruh terhadap yield biodiesel adalah suhu reaksi, perbandingan mol minyak:metanol, serta interaksi antara suhu dengan perbandingan mol minyak:metanol. Akan tetapi tidak ditemukan adanya pengaruh signifikan konsentrasi katalis terhadap yield biodiesel.Kata kunci: biodiesel, CaO, minyak sawit off-grade, rsm, transesterifikasi AbstractBiodiesel is an alternative fuel which can be generated from transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol. Off-grade palm is one of vegetable oil sources which can potentially be used as a raw material in biodiesel production. Transesterification was conducted by using CaO catalyst produced from eggshell calcined at a temperature of 900ºC for 2 hours. This research was aimed to produce biodiesel from off-grade palm by means of two-stage reaction, to observe the performance of CaO catalyst from calcined eggshell on the transesterification reaction, and to determine the effect of reaction temperature, mole ratio of oil:methanol, and catalyst concentration on the yield of biodiesel. Esterification was carried out at a temperature of 60°C with mole ratio of oil:methanol 1:12 and 1%wt of catalyst H2SO4. Free fatty acid (FFA) managed to be disminished from 16.18% to 0.6%. Transesterification was run for 2 hours with variations of oil:methanol mole ratio of 1:7, 1:9, 1:11, CaO catalyst concentrations of 2%wt, 4%wt, 6%wt, at reaction temperatures of 50ºC, 60ºC, 70ºC. Processing of the data was done by response surface methodology (RSM) method, while the number of experiments was determined by central composite design (CCD). ...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.